State how comparing the amino acid sequence of a protein can provide evidence that evolution has occured?

Answer 1

Proteins are excellent sources for evidence of evolution, because their structure is determined genetically. Genes code for the amino acid sequences of proteins, so variation in protein structure can be directly linked to genetic variation. In fact, in the years prior to the ability to sequence DNA, the amino-acid sequences of proteins were used to infer the DNA sequences of the genes that coded for them. Since evolution is defined as genetic change within populations, proteins and their patterns of variation provide powerful evidence for that.

Answer 2

Comparing the amino acid sequence of a protein across different species can reveal similarities and differences, indicating how closely related organisms have evolved from a common ancestor. The greater the similarity in amino acid sequence between species, the more recent their divergence is likely to be. This provides evidence of evolutionary relationships and the gradual accumulation of genetic changes over time.

Answer 3

Similarities in protein structure, function, composition, genetic coding, and creation are in varying degrees of similarity based along evolutionary lineages, thus they are considered evidence of common descent.

Answer 4

Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms. Proteins are coded for by differing alleles. A mutation in a germ line nucleotide could give rise to a useful, detrimental, or neutral change in a gene coding for some protein. The amino acid sequence might change and be passed on to progeny, which, over generations, drive this change into the populations gene pool. This is evolution occuring. Look up sickle cell trait.

Answer 5

Evolutionary theory predicts descent from common ancestory. Both DNA sequencing and amino acid sequencing provide strong evidence for common ancestory. Your DNA is very similar to a chimpanzee's DNA, making them a close cousin and showing that we both decended from a common ancestor. ( about 6 million years ago ) Cytochrome C ( a protein made from amino acids ) is highly conserved in all types of mitochondria, which shows a common ancestory among many organisms.

Answer 6

Generally speaking, yes. To some extent there's a circular argument involved (closely-related animals tend to have more sequence conservation than distantly related animals - "How do you know they're closely-related?" "Sequence conservation.") but it's certainly consistent with evolutionary principles.

Answer 7

Proteins reflect DNA sequences, so scientists study proteins to look for genetic similarities and differences in organisms.

Answer 8

Similarities in gentic material can prove a once ancient ancestor between different organisms.

Answer 9

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