These have been refurbished and tested by JL Audio directly with factory specifications. 100% JL Audio parts
A refurbished product is a factory inspected and tested item that may have minor scratches or blemishes. In my opinion its as good as new.
There are actually no disadvantages of buying a refurbished iPad as it has been factory tested to meet the performance level as the actual one. On the other hand, the benefit of buying it is that it definitely saves you a considerable amount of money.
Generally, yes. They have been factory tested by the manufacturer. I would suggest only looking at big name brands, such as Dell, HP, etc.
The Canon Direct Store sells Refurbished Digital Cameras. They even have Refurbished Powershot Digital Cameras for sale. They have all been rigorously tested before selling them.
By stating 'following components' i would assume you provided a list. Theoryetically, all electronic components can be tested for ohms (resistance). Factory specifications would be required to assess wether the readings taken fall within parameters of the specific component.
If you buy any refurbished Apple product from the official Apple store, the product is covered by a one-year warranty. All refurbished Apple products are tested and certified before sale via the Apple store.
Most refurbished electronics come with warranties. Purchasing a refurbished TV is an incredible way to save on a new TV. It is carefully tested and repaired before being offered for sale. Most refurbished electronics, because they are used, might have some cosmetic blemishes. But, when purchasing, it will usually be stated if the blemish is on the screen itself.
Buy refurbished products directly from the manufacturer, so you can get the assurances that they've rigorously tested and rebuilt the devices themselves, or else buy from a reputable authorized dealer (e.g., Amazon, Newegg) that gets the refurbs from the manufacturer.
Buying a refurbished cell phone can be a much more economical choice than purchasing a brand new phone. Phone retail stores (such as AT&T, Verizon, etc.) as well as many different websites now sell refurbished phones. These options allow you to shop around for the best deal.
A refurbished TV is a TV that was purchased by a consumer and returned within the standard 30 day return policy. The manufacturer (Panasonic, Toshiba, Sony, etc.,) will test the TV to make sure that it meets their exacting standards and then it's sold as refurbished. Many people prefer to buy a refurbished TV simply because they know it has been fully tested, and certainly the reduced price is attractive.
Either directly on humans, or not at all.
Usually you can just tell by looking for marks on the fascia and small settings changes and new custom profiles. Also, look for any remaining files on the phone such as undeleted pictures or SMS text messages. Another thing to do is to check that all the default settings are present (these can be matched with another new phone), and that the default security codes are at default values. Granted, these can be changed, but it does not harm to check. Honestly in a professionally refurbished phone there is usually nothing wrong with it and it will be as NEW, but legally they cant label it as new.