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appeal
Yes, appeals courts hear cases that are being appealed from lower court decisions. That's what they are for.
Rules for Appeal of Decisions of Court of Limited Jurisdiction (RALJ)
No. It is the only court in the UK hierarchy that can't. It's bound by it's prev decisions.
the federal courts of appeal
No. When an appellate court hears an appeal from a lower court, it will either affirm (i.e.: approve of) the prior court's decision (not the case), or reverse the prior decision. If the prior decision is affirmed, then the prior holding stands.
If your statement is true (I doubt that EVERY case is affirmed) it must mean that the lower courts are doing their jobs correctly.
It means that they have - AFFIRMED THE VERDICT OF THE TRIAL COURT.
Appellate courts in the Judicial Branch have jurisdiction (power, authority) to review lower court decisions if the appellate court receives the case on appeal. The courts do not routinely review lower court decisions, otherwise.
Yes, appeals against a decision made in the magistrates court can be taken to the court of appeal. The court of appeal has the power to review and potentially overturn decisions made by lower courts, including the magistrates court. However, it is important to note that not all cases are eligible for appeal, and there are specific criteria that need to be met in order for an appeal to be successful.
Per Curiam Affirmed generally refers to a decision of the court finding that the decision of a lower court was correct. This is done so without identifying any specific judges by name, and usually without rendering any opinion or often any record of it's basis. Decisions may be Per Curiam Affirmed due to a need to conserve resources in areas with heavy case loads.
Many can- IF you have grounds for an appeal. Having grounds for an appeal does NOT mean that you just did not like the decision, but that the court made an error. The decision of a few courts, like the US Supreme Court, cannot be appealed. They are the final word.