No. No country is leased by or to Another Country. Additionally, Palestine had no ability to lease out territory given that it was not a country at the time of Israel's independence. Israel received independence as a result of the UN Partition Plan of Mandatory Palestine.
There are over 50 Islamic countries, so Palestine is certainly not the only Islamic country, but if you are considering Israel and Palestine, yes, Palestine is the Islamic country while Israel is the Jewish country.
The British Mandate of Palestine.
In 1944, Israel/Palestine was under British sovereignty as the British Mandate for Palestine.
The modern State of Israel was founded in the territory of the former British Mandate of Palestine in May 14, 1948.
It depends on your terms. If you are referring to the West Bank and the Gaza Strip cumulatively as Palestine and the 1949 borders of the State of Israel as Israel, then Israel is 3x larger than Palestine. If you are referring to the British Mandate of Palestine, then the State of Israel according to 1949 borders is smaller than Palestine. If you are comparing the current areas under Israeli control to the area of Mandatory Palestine, they are roughly equal. (The gain in the Golan Heights is more-or-less offset by the loss of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank Zone A regions.)
Israel, in the area formerly known as Palestine until 1948.
To end violance between palestine and Israel.
The Ottoman Empire controlled Palestine and Israel in the 16th century.
No.
Palestinian Arabs fled Palestine after the establishment of Israel.
The Roman Empire referred to modern-day Israel as Palestine. Modern-day Israel was referred to as Palestine up until 1948. In 1948 the United Nations formed the country of Israel from the Palestine state.
There are over 50 Islamic countries, so Palestine is certainly not the only Islamic country, but if you are considering Israel and Palestine, yes, Palestine is the Islamic country while Israel is the Jewish country.
UK
Palestine
It wasn't
The British Mandate of Palestine.
In 1944, Israel/Palestine was under British sovereignty as the British Mandate for Palestine.