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Was there a single united Church in the Middle Ages?

Updated: 8/16/2019
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12y ago

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The Church, in medieval times, was not monolithic, as many people assume it was. From the earliest times, there were sects, some heretical and some not. The one early orthodox group was the Celtic Church, which merged with the Roman Church during the period after the Council of Whitby of 664. Other early churches still exist, such as the Coptic Orthodox Church and the Oriental Orthodox Church, both of which date from antiquity.

Heretical groups were numerous, and perhaps the most notable was the Cathars, against whom the Roman Church launched the Albigensian Crusade.

The Catholic Church itself consisted of two parts, the Latin speaking West and the Greek speaking East. Relations between these two parts were often strained and finally broke in 1054, when the Patriarch of Constantinople refused to swear allegiance to the Pope in Rome. The result was the Roman Catholic Church dominated western Europe, and the Eastern Orthodox Church operated separately in the East.

Arguably, the Roman Catholic Church was the largest and most powerful, but it was never the only Church in operation.

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Q: Was there a single united Church in the Middle Ages?
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