By the time of the Crusades the Byzantine Empire was in dire straits, having suffered a catastrophic defeat at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 and then enduring a taxing civil war which saw the army mostly crippled and almost all of Asia Minor lost to the expanding Turks. The Emperor Alexios I Comnenus had every reason to fear the Turks on his border as well as the Latin Crusaders he conducted through his lands.
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Byzantium
Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine Empire, which had a long line of emperors from its founding in 330 AD until the fall of the city in 1453. There were a total of 88 Byzantine emperors, including co-emperors. The city was also the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, which is often considered synonymous with the Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine art was paid for mostly by emperors and the Orthodox church.
Both emperors improved the Byzantine legal system by organizing laws more clearly.
they both had governed emperors
Justinian I
Diocletian
The Emperors Justinian and Basil II
Yes.
It varied. The Byzantine emperors reigned for life. Some of the emperors reigned for along time, while others died shorty after their accession to power. The length of the reign of emperors also depended on the political stability of he empire. The empire went thought periods of instability which was usurper emperors and/or civil wars. In such periods power changed hands quickly.
In the Orthodox the emperor claims authority over all religious leaders. And in the Roman Catholic the pope claims authority over all kings and emperors.