If you're looking for a list of the different non-renewable energy resources then you would be better off Googling a list. However, if you want to know what they mean by "non-renewable", it's exactly what it says. Oil, for example, is a resource that we draw from the earth; we can't just create it (well, that's not necessarily true, but you would have to use other resources to make it anyway, thus it's still not entirely renewable). Wind, sunlight, etc. are all renewable in the sense that if you put something out to catch the wind or the sun and leave it there for 70 years, disregarding any malfunctions and damage, it will continue to gather energy without any more work put into it.
Oil, coal are nonrenewable. They can not be replaced once used.
Non-renewable. You can use it only once as a fuel, and then it is gone.
Any metal or plastic parts are non-renewable material. That would leave nay hard copy instruction manual or similar as the only portions made from renewables. Note that the nonrenewables can still be recycled at appropriate facilities.
Yes, using renewables now will give us a cleaner safer planet. Burning coal, oil and natural gas, all fossil fuels, provide power for industry, transport and electricity generation, but it comes with a polluting cost. The burning releases carbon dioxide, a powerful greenhouse gas, which is causing global warming.
Fossil fuels are those which are naturally created from living organisms, usually only under certain conditions and a very long period of time. The most important ones are coal, oil, and natural gas. They usually consist mostly of hydrocarbons. Nonrenewable fuels are those which are only replenished on a geological timescale or not at all. They include both the above listed fuels as well as uranium, which is not being replenished but at the same time cannot be considered a fossil fuel due to its creation process. In summary: --Fossil fuels have organic origins. --Nonrenewable fuels are not being replaced on any reasonable timescale. They are often confused because of their significant overlap, but are not the same thing.