There's no mention of a specific distro being used in any specifications that are available on the internet. It is thus likely a custom / from scratch creation for the device.
yes it can be use in almost all
Depends on the distro, but most use wither bash or sh.
As 'Linux' is actually the Linux Kernel and a bunch of other tools packaged together as a distro, this will depend on the distro you use. For example, Red Hat Linux uses a file called ks.cfg (known as kickstart) which contains information for it's installer system called Anaconda.
Depending on the agency or section you are in, they may have various policies and guidelines about what Linux distributions are to be used or not. If you work in security or defense, they may have special standards that the distro is required to meet.
Linux for Dummies is a great start if you are totally unfamiliar with Linux. If you are familiar enough with Linux, and you have an idea of what distro you want to try / use, you can download a free guide book from Linux-Books.
There is no reason why a Linux OS (of any distro) can not be used without an internet connection. Provided that either an Linux type OS is downloaded and written as an IOS on a CD (for one example) to be used as a live CD with the options of trying or installing. Or you have been given the install disk, so not needing the internet! There are many operating systems and therefore, many opinions on what distro is the "best"! Have a look at Linux Mint or Ubuntu - my choice!
There's nothing about this computer that particularly limits what distro you can put on it. Ones that are more graphics-intensive, like those that use KDE or GNOME, may be slightly sluggish, but still usable.Those that use Xfce, Enlightenment, or JWM should be quite adequate. Examples would include Xubuntu, dreamlinux, gOS, ELive, or Puppy Linux.
Either use the software manager for your distro, or use the Synaptic Package Manager. (Note: you may need to use: sudo apt-get install synaptic).
There are several good distro's of linux, it really just depends on what you are trying to do with it. ie programming, regular desktop use, or trying to run a server. One of my favorites is debian, but if your a new user I would suggest ubuntu or opensuse.
If the hardware is physically enabled (such as via a switch or in the BIOS), most Linux distributions should be able to use the Bluetooth receiver. The program that is used to manage Bluetooth connections varies by interface and distro.
It depends on what distro you are using. Most distros have what is called a "package manager", where you can choose what programs you want to install and remove. In the "Related links" section below is a guide on how to use two of the most common package manager front-ends, Synaptic and Adept. If your front-end is not listed below, or if you want to use the command line, please re-ask your question with the Linux distro you are using specified.
None. Any distro branded "Mandrake" is long obsolete; the parent company renamed itself to "Mandriva" in 2005.