IP, AppleTalk, IPX
The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy. The protocols in this layer provide the means for the system to deliver data to the other devices on a directly attached network. It defines how to use the network to transmit an IP datagram. Unlike higher-level protocols, Network Access Layer protocols must know the details of the underlying network (its packet structure, addressing, etc.) to correctly format the data being transmitted to comply with the network constraints. The TCP/IP Network Access Layer can encompass the functions of all three lower layers of the OSI reference Model (Network, Data Link, and Physical).
The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy. The protocols in this layer provide the means for the system to deliver data to the other devices on a directly attached network. It defines how to use the network to transmit an IP datagram. Unlike higher-level protocols, Network Access Layer protocols must know the details of the underlying network (its packet structure, addressing, etc.) to correctly format the data being transmitted to comply with the network constraints. The TCP/IP Network Access Layer can encompass the functions of all three lower layers of the OSI reference Model (Network, Data Link, and Physical).
The Application layer uses protocols that are implemented within applications and services. While applications provide people with a way to create messages and Application layer services establish an interface to the network, protocols provide the rules and formats that govern how data is treated.
The network layer protocol is Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
The routing process occurs in the 3rd OSI layer (network layer) routing protocols use network address (IP address in TCP/IP) to chose the correct path to the destination. ps: You can also have routing protocols on other layers sometimes (application layer in p2p routing) but this is something completely different.
Routing protocols implement algorithms that tell routers the best paths through internetworks. Routing protocols include Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), Routing Information Protocol, and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) to name a few. Routing protocols provide the layer 3 network state update. Routed Protocols are transported through a network, such as Internet Protocol (IP), Novell Internetwork Packet eXchange (IPX), and AppleTalk.In short, routing protocols route datagrams through a network. Routing is a layer 3 function, thus, routing and routed protocols are network-layer entities. Routing tables on the layer 3 switch (router) are populated by information from routing protocols. A routed protocol will enter an interface on a router, be placed in a memory buffer, then it will be forwarded out to an interface based on information in the routing table.
Network Layer
Network control protocol
The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy. The protocols in this layer provide the means for the system to deliver data to the other devices on a directly attached network. It defines how to use the network to transmit an IP datagram. Unlike higher-level protocols, Network Access Layer protocols must know the details of the underlying network (its packet structure, addressing, etc.) to correctly format the data being transmitted to comply with the network constraints. The TCP/IP Network Access Layer can encompass the functions of all three lower layers of the OSI reference Model (Network, Data Link, and Physical).
Session Layer
TELNET
There is a good descrition of the network layer and TCP in the related link. NO. In general TCP and UDP are transport protocols that operates in Layer 4 Transport Layer