You're referring to the Fourteenth Amendment, which establishes naturalism and enforces federal regulation on the state governments.
It was the 14th amendment that was violated. The 14th amendment guarantees equal protection of the laws for every US citizen. Since racial minorities were being segregated, it was not an equal protection of the law
The nickname for the 14th amendment is the "Equal Protection Amendment."
The 14th amendment prevents states from denying any citizen equal protection under the law. No state may pass a law which would abridge the rights granted US citizens by the Constitution.
The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects equal protection under the law. It prohibits states from denying any person within their jurisdiction equal protection of the laws. This amendment has been used to challenge discriminatory laws and practices.
14th Amendment
Civil Rights became a part of the U.S. Constitution in 1868 when the 14th amendment was adopted. The 14th amendment grantees each citizen "equal protection of the laws".
The 14th Amendment restricts the actions of states by preventing them from making or enforcing laws that violate citizen rights. This protection is guaranteed by the Equal Protection Clause within the amendment.
The Equal Protection Clause, part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, provides that "no state shall ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws".
The Fourteenth Amendment, specifically the Equal Protection Clause
The 14th Amendment's guarantee of "equal protection under the law" demands that application of law be the same regardless of the citizen it is being applied to. In the case of the death penalty, protestors have claimed that system is biased by race, sex and socioeconomic status and as a result fails to be applied in an equal manner.
It gives equal protection to all citizens
The Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, which declared all persons who were either born or naturalized in the United States, equal protection under the law. The principle reason for the Equal Protection Clause was to guarantee that the newly freed slaves were entitled to the same protections under the law as white citizens.