The Persian Empire stretched from present-day Pakistan to Libya, and so was composed of many different peoples and cultures.
Persia tried to run a stable structure, imposing bearable taxes, maintaining peace, and protecting from external invaders.
Each province had it own flashpoint, and rebellions broke out from time to time - Egypt, the Greek cities of Asia Minor, the Scythians and so on. Rebellions were usually promoted by local opportunists seeking to gain from provoking rebellions.
The Greek tyrant of Miletus persuaded the Persians to support him in an attempt to capture the island of Naxos. It failed and to protect himself against a Persian reprisal, he roused up the Greek city-states of Ionia to rebel against Persia.
At this time presian rulers raised taxes to pay for their luxuries. This angered their subjects and caused many rebellions. Also, the persian royal family fought over who was to be king. Sons were constantly plotting to take over the throne. As a result, six of the nine rulers after Darius were murdered. These problems weakend the Empire and led to its decline.
The Greek city-states in Asia Minor were tricked into revolt by the Greek tyrant of Miletus to protect himself against Persian retaliation for his misconduct.
Alexander The Great
Its defeat and takeover by Alexander the Great.
The Persian Empire comprised many people, some of whom at different times rebelled for different reasons. The Greek city-states in Asia Minor rebelled over losing independence, after being stirred up by a Greek tyrant appointed by the Persians who was in trouble with the Persian governor. There were rebellions in Central Asia, and in Egypt, usually stirred up by a local ruler trying to gain dominance and secession.
At this time presian rulers raised taxes to pay for their luxuries. This angered their subjects and caused many rebellions. Also, the persian royal family fought over who was to be king. Sons were constantly plotting to take over the throne. As a result, six of the nine rulers after Darius were murdered. These problems weakend the Empire and led to its decline.
The Greek city-states in Asia Minor were tricked into revolt by the Greek tyrant of Miletus to protect himself against Persian retaliation for his misconduct.
Alexander The Great
The Persian Empire had no one to rebel against, it was the strongest power in the region until it was taken over by Alexander the Great.
Its defeat and takeover by Alexander the Great.
The Greek city-states in Asia Minor within the Persian Empire revolted.
The Persian Empire comprised many people, some of whom at different times rebelled for different reasons. The Greek city-states in Asia Minor rebelled over losing independence, after being stirred up by a Greek tyrant appointed by the Persians who was in trouble with the Persian governor. There were rebellions in Central Asia, and in Egypt, usually stirred up by a local ruler trying to gain dominance and secession.
The carefully planned and executed successful assault by Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Great took conquered it and took it over as his own empire.
The assault by Alexander the Great, who replaced the empire with his own Macedonian Empire. It was split up into several Hellenistic kingdoms after Alexander's death.
The Greek city-states, used to independence, rebelled. The spark was Aristagoras the Greek tyrant of Miletus, who had been appointed by Persia, had persuaded the Persian provincial governor to get involved in a failed takeover of the island of Naxos, and expecting retribution, conned the Greek cities into revolt to cover himself.
Conquest by another city, Athens' encouragement of democracies within it's empire, Athens being stripped of it's empire after it lost the Peloponesian War, absorption by the Persian Empire, liberation from the Persian Empire, and in the west, absorption by a tyrant in Sicily.