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They are simply called the Control Rods!
shielding, fuel, control rods, moderator, and coolant
Reactor,Control Rods,Steam Generator,Turbines and Generator,Cooling Tower.
The control rod would have a tendency to absorb neutron which is the key for nuclear fission. So by inserting control rods such as Cadmium or Boron rods the reaction rate can be reduced. If we take off the rods the rate of reaction would increase.
Plutonium
To control the rate of energy (heat) production by the fissionable materials.
Meltdown, also it's not just the fuel rods that melt, structural supports, control rods, etc. can melt when this happens.
No, Enriched Uranium-235 is used in a nuclear reactor as the fuel in the fuel rods and boron is used in the control rods.
Yes. You insert the control rods, deprive the reactor of the moderating effects of water, inject boron, etc.
as it still has energy in it.
If you pulled the rods out regardless of the rapid rise in power, the reactor high flux protection safety system would see the rapid rise in power and would scram or trip the rods back in, thus bringing the power down to zero very quickly.
In a fission reactor, control is implemented by inserting control rods into the reactor. These are made of a material that absorbs neutrons, and prevents a reaction from taking place.