meat - cheese
vinegar (when pickling), salt . . .
Pork and Fish
You can smoke or dry food to store it.
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Examples: salt (sodium chloride), vinegar, sugar.
A hot smoking oven is an oven that uses heat and smoke to preserve and cook food, usually meat or fish. The heat cooks the food the smoke adds flavour.
It makes meat fresh and makes it last longer
water can not preserve food it attracts mold
Because other things than people also like to eat it. Examples are fungi and bacteria. Preservatives suppress their growth making the food edible longer.
On meat, salt can preserve food.
well once you have cooked the food it is ready to it so there is no need to preserve it
They stuffed the food with salt which would let it dry out and that's how they would preserve it.