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Those are the 'meridians of longitude'. Each one joins the North Pole and South Pole. They are farthest apart at the equator, and they all converge at the poles. Since there's no obvious place to start numbering, somebody had to make the decision of where to put the 'zero'. The British were the big guys in the navy business at the time, so they needed a standard system more than anyone else did, and they set the standard: The 'zero' of longitude measurement ... the line called the "Prime Meridian", was (and still is) defined as the meridian that passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England. All longitude on the earth is measured as so many degrees east or west of that meridian. (That's why Egypt is the "Near East", Iran is the "Middle East", China is the "Far East", and the US and Canada are the "Western" world.)

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14y ago
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14y ago

the imaginary lines that run east to west, and parallel to the equator are called lines of latitude. the equator serves as zero degrees latitude. these lines measure how far something is north or south on the earth. the lines that run north to south are called lines of longitude, and run parallel to the prime meridian, located in greenwich, england. the prime meridian is the zero degrees mark for the lines of longitude, which measure how far something is east or west on the earth.

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6y ago

lines of latitude

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Q: What is a set of imaginary lines that run parallel around the earth from east to west and measure north and south?
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