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Water its self does not provide energy, however it can store some of the Suns energy, usefully in the form of potential energy (by virtue of its elevation in the gravity field of the planet).
Waves
photosphere
radiant
it's not
To start if we didnt have a magnetic field we would be fried by the suns radiation. The northern lights are evidence that we have a magnetic field surrounding earth.
Because the gravity of earth was closer together.
the magnet field is the strongest well the summer solstic when the suns gravitational pull is the strongest
It's important because it protects us from the suns radiation.
The earth has a solid iron core, which creates an electric magnetic field around us. Only a few of the sun's rays can get through that magnetic field.
The sun produces energetic and charged particles and blasts them in all directions (solar winds). These charged particles can get trapped when they are near the earth's magnetic field. With the grace of this magnetic field, we are all shielded from being irreversible harmed. See the picture in the related link for a visualization of how the magnetic field gets distorted by solar winds. ============================
The suns magnetic field varies greatly. The suns thermal activity seems to be involved in this seeming as the sun has many many north and south poles. The suns "cycle" from most activity to least activity is every 11 years. 22 years seems to be 2 cycles ago. There is still alot of information that is theoretical or just not known so it is hard to answer.
The Earth is protected from the sun's charged particles by its magnetic field. The Earths magnetic field is generated within its molten iron core. Other examples of planets with magnetic fields include: Mercury, Jupiter, Ganymede (Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system) , Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.Mercury has a relitivley weak magnetic field. It is so weak that the suns charged particles can reach the surface of Mercury. +++ Also the atmosphere.
the earths magnetic field is the only reason that were alive right now the reason being is the suns heat rays are very powerful and very hot if the magnetic field would be gone everything on earth would vanish into ashes.
The sun's rotation twists the magnetic field lines of force, causing hot spots of magnetic activity at the surface. The magnetic field slows down convection of energy produced by fusion below the surface, which causes a cooling effect(a sunspot). The magnetic field breaks down eventually and the sunspot dissipates, and convection goes up above normal in the region. Over time, magnetic field activity induces/creates other magnetic fields, decays, then those magnetic fields rebuild the old one, then they decay, and it goes on and on like that. The direction of the largest/main field reverses like a pendulum every 11 years.
The Ozone layer of the earth protects the earth from the harmful UV radiations of the sun.