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The Roman belief system was centred on religion. Roman religion was polytheistic (it had many gods). The gods and goddesses represented many things; agriculture, the harvest, hunting, trade, fertility, childbirth, women, men, wisdom, music, art, etc. The Romans had many festivals to honour their gods. Generally, they believed that they had to give their gods offerings (sacrifices) to honour them and prevent their wrath. Natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, famines, earthquakes and epidemics were seen as the result of the gods being angry at not having been honoured. They also practiced augury, which was the divination of the omens of the gods. They had priests who consulted the gods on actions they wanted to undertake to see whether they would get their approval or disapproval. The responses came in the form of omens (events regarded as a portent of good or evil) in the sky (such as the clouds, thunder, and the flight of birds) or in the behaviour of animals which were interpreted by these priests.

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Q: What are the essential elements of the Roman belief systems?
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