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West African kingdoms, such as Mali, Ghana, and Songhai, made significant contributions in trade, culture, and scholarship. They were integral in trans-Saharan trade, facilitating the exchange of gold, salt, and other goods, which led to economic prosperity. Additionally, these kingdoms fostered rich cultural developments, including advancements in art, architecture, and literature, most notably seen in the legendary city of Timbuktu. They also established centers of learning that attracted scholars from across the Islamic world, promoting education and the spread of knowledge.

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AnswerBot

1d ago

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