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Q: What are the minimum number of samples per second if frequency of an analog signal is 3400Hz?
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When analog voice signal converts into digital signal the bandwidth needs 64kbps. Why?

PCM technique is used to convert analog voice signals into digital. In PCM the analog frequency is first sampled and then converted into binary bits. Each samples are taken as 8bits long. Basic communication theory requires that a minimum sampling rate of twice the frequency of the signal to be sampled will result in an accurate representation of the original signal.Human voice can have max 4000hz frequency, therefore sampling rate should be 8000 samples/sec.Which implies required bit rate for transmitting voice is 8000*8 = 64000 bits/sec = 64kbps.


What is an analog to digital chip?

It's a device that samples an analog signal and outputs an equivalent binary value


In which Analog to analog modulation methods does the peak amplitude?

Frequency modulation Phase modulation


An analog signal with a bandwidth of 1.5khz is to be digitalised what time intervals should the analog signal be sampled?

as a general rule of thumb, about 5 times the highest frequency for quality reproduction, although one can sometimes get away with a minimum of 2 times. 7.5KHz


Is data is transmitted in the form of digital or analog?

both but for analog usually a frequency Carrier is required


What does digital recording do to an analog sound wave?

It quantizes it into discrete points represented by zeros and ones (digital information). The number of samples must be at least two times the highest frequency component of the analog wave. The number of bits in each sample determines how close the digital information is to the actual value of the analog signal.


If an analog signal with bandwidth of 1.7khz is to be digitized what time intervals should the analogy signals be sampled?

The theoretical minimum sampling rate required in order to avoid frequency aliasing is 3.4 KHz.


The amount of frequency shift during modulation is called?

Frequency shift keying in digital communication and Frequency modulation in analog communication..........


Why is the frequency spectrum of a discrete signal repetitions of the spectrum of the analog signal?

The analog signal is converted to discrete signal. Even after the conversion, the frequency of the actual signal still remains the same. If the frequency of the discrete signal is different from the analog signal, the reconstructed signal would be different again. This is not what we expect. So base spectrum for similar signals have same frequencies, whether they are discrete or analog. Why do the repetitions occur? The original analog signal is multiplied with a dirac pattern. The base frequency is then shifted to the places, where diracs are available. So long the diracs keep repeating, the base frequency do repeats. Hope you are convinced with my answer


In which analog-to-analog modulation methods does the peak amplitude of the carrier signal remain unchanged?

Frequency modulation and Phase modulation


Why do audio CDs have a frequency of 44.1 KHz if people can only hear up to 20 KHz?

The 44.1KHz frequency is the frquency of the 'sampling rate' With digital audio the original analog signal has to be 'sampled' ie measured. These samples measure the amplitude (strength) of the signal at that particular point in time. Since the analogue signal is constantly changing the sampling must be done continuously. The sampling rate must ALWAYS be higher than the highest frequency of the source signal, (otherwise it cant be measured). There was a bloke called Nyquist who postulated that the sample rate must be at minimum twice the highest frequency of the sample. This has been accepted as common practice now. This is where we get 44K (ie 44,000 measurements or samples per second), which is about double the 20K audio source.


Is the frequency of a musical note played on a violin analog or discrete?

discrete