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Frequency modulation Phase modulation
as a general rule of thumb, about 5 times the highest frequency for quality reproduction, although one can sometimes get away with a minimum of 2 times. 7.5KHz
both but for analog usually a frequency Carrier is required
It quantizes it into discrete points represented by zeros and ones (digital information). The number of samples must be at least two times the highest frequency component of the analog wave. The number of bits in each sample determines how close the digital information is to the actual value of the analog signal.
Frequency Amplitude Phase from Anura Priyantha
PCM technique is used to convert analog voice signals into digital. In PCM the analog frequency is first sampled and then converted into binary bits. Each samples are taken as 8bits long. Basic communication theory requires that a minimum sampling rate of twice the frequency of the signal to be sampled will result in an accurate representation of the original signal.Human voice can have max 4000hz frequency, therefore sampling rate should be 8000 samples/sec.Which implies required bit rate for transmitting voice is 8000*8 = 64000 bits/sec = 64kbps.
It's a device that samples an analog signal and outputs an equivalent binary value
Frequency modulation Phase modulation
as a general rule of thumb, about 5 times the highest frequency for quality reproduction, although one can sometimes get away with a minimum of 2 times. 7.5KHz
both but for analog usually a frequency Carrier is required
It quantizes it into discrete points represented by zeros and ones (digital information). The number of samples must be at least two times the highest frequency component of the analog wave. The number of bits in each sample determines how close the digital information is to the actual value of the analog signal.
The theoretical minimum sampling rate required in order to avoid frequency aliasing is 3.4 KHz.
Frequency shift keying in digital communication and Frequency modulation in analog communication..........
The analog signal is converted to discrete signal. Even after the conversion, the frequency of the actual signal still remains the same. If the frequency of the discrete signal is different from the analog signal, the reconstructed signal would be different again. This is not what we expect. So base spectrum for similar signals have same frequencies, whether they are discrete or analog. Why do the repetitions occur? The original analog signal is multiplied with a dirac pattern. The base frequency is then shifted to the places, where diracs are available. So long the diracs keep repeating, the base frequency do repeats. Hope you are convinced with my answer
Frequency modulation and Phase modulation
The 44.1KHz frequency is the frquency of the 'sampling rate' With digital audio the original analog signal has to be 'sampled' ie measured. These samples measure the amplitude (strength) of the signal at that particular point in time. Since the analogue signal is constantly changing the sampling must be done continuously. The sampling rate must ALWAYS be higher than the highest frequency of the source signal, (otherwise it cant be measured). There was a bloke called Nyquist who postulated that the sample rate must be at minimum twice the highest frequency of the sample. This has been accepted as common practice now. This is where we get 44K (ie 44,000 measurements or samples per second), which is about double the 20K audio source.
discrete