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A valid search warrant requires probable cause, meaning that the officer applying for the warrant must reasonably believe, based on available information, that evidence of a crime will be located in the area to be searched at the time the search takes place. A warrant must therefore contain an affidavit (or sworn statement) of the officer's reasons for believing the evidence will be there. The judge will then evaluate whether there is sufficient probable cause to issue the search warrant. An otherwise valid search warrant may still be held invalid if the defendant can show that probable cause was established based on a false statement that the officer knowingly included in his affidavit.

In order to be valid, the warrant must be "precise on its face," meaning that the warrant itself must describe, with a fairly high degree of detail, exactly which areas police may search and exactly what sort of evidence they may seize from those areas. Even if the affidavit upon which the warrant is based states these facts with reasonable particularity, the warrant itself must state them or it may be found invalid. The precision requirement allows a bit of latitude in certain areas; for instance, in the case of complex criminal conspiracies, the warrant may stipulate seizure of the broad category of "instrumentalities of the crime."

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13y ago
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An affidavit sworn under a sitting judge detailing all known information, suspicions, and probable causes.

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Q: What are the requirements for a valid warrant?
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A court warrant is valid until the warrant is served or the conditions requiring the warrant are satisfied. The warrant is valid indefinitely until these things occur.


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