Salient features of constitution of 1973?

Answer 1

The Constitution of 1973 has authorized the President to hold Referendum on any national issue. Similarly the Prime Minister can ask the President to hold referendum on any important national issue.

Answer 2

• Introduction:

Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, the prime minister promised after taking oath that he would design a new constitution as soon as possible. So, on the idea of united Pakistan, he worked hard and a new Constitution was developed that was imposed on 23rd March, 1956.

• Islamic constitution: the Constitution was Islamic in nature hence declared Pakistan as "Islamic Republic". No law was to be against the Islam and people were secured to live according to Islam.

• Written form: The Constitution was in written form with 234 articles ad 5 chapters. It was detailed in all perspectives.

• Flexible constitution: Even being written the constitution was flexible in nature as two-third of the majority can veto for any amendments in the constitution.

• Language: According to this constitution, two languages were declared as national : Urdu and Bangoli whereas English was maintained as official language.

• Federal constitution: Pakistan was declared a federation in this Constitution. It has two provinces i-e East and West Pakistan. Each province has separate government which was free in its internal affairs. But the important sectors were under the centre for the unity and power of state. President was the head of federation.

• Parliamentary form of government: Parliamentary form of government was placed in the state according to which, President was the head of the state whereas prime minister was the executive of the state. The cabinet was accountable to the state assemblies. President and prime minister could use their powers through assemblies.

• Unitary form of government: One chamber legislature was designed according to the constitution. The chamber was entitled as National Assemble comprising of 300 members. The tenure of the chamber was fixed to 5 years but could be dismissed before time in certain cases.

• Emergency Rule: In emergency, the powers were reserved to the centre and the centre could impose emergence in case of any foreign invasion or internal disturbance in provinces. Governor was to be given charge but according to the directions of the centre.

• Court System: Supreme court in the centre and provincial courts were introduced. Court were free in respect to their work and functions. Supreme court was the leading institution that was to solve government issues, enable law imposition, comprehend constitution and raise appeal against any high court decision.

• Basic Rights: people were secured their basic rights and government was bound to not to spoil those rights. If any government was to spoil people's right, supreme court was authorised to reject the government's act.

• Leading Rules: In order to maintain and sustain the policy of the state, few leading set of rules were made. These include the respect of UNO Charter, close relations with Islamic countries, rights of minorities to be secured, promotion of education, freedom of judiciary etc.

• Development of Constitutional Organisations: According to this Constitution, some government institutions were developed like Supreme court, Public service commission and Auditor General. Other than this, national counsil for society, Islamic research and education foundation and international counsil were designed.

• Provincial government system: Provincial government system was comprehended as, the authority holder would be the governor of the province who would select the provincial assembly and would be the ultimate power in the province. every province would be a separate entity with separate assembly. the membership of assembly would rely on the population of the province.

Answer 3

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• features 1973