What are the two different philosophies about correctional organizations?

Answer 1

This is a very complicated question to answer and this is because I agree with A Keats as to what the two reasons behind a persons incarceration is supposed to be about, that being punishment and rehabilitation.
I have my own experience in this subject because I have two adopted daughters that are presently doing time within correctional facilities and in order to explain the two philosophies you must first break each subject down into it's most narrative form.Beginning with punishment. Laws were put into place in order to exact punishment on anyone who chose to violate these laws and seek to do harm to anyone in the general public. The degree of the violations begins at the least severe to most severe and are broken down into degree's. Starting with misdemeanors and going into felonies. Class C being the least in both categories and class A being the highest. The duration of the punishment is classed on the severity of the crime, or to say the class in which it is placed. A class C will do less time than a class A because of the severity of the crime. Although there are mandatory times given to each class it is within the Adult Probation and Parole Departments to decide if the sentence has been fulfilled or if a release is granted based on the individual and their performance within the penal system and the severity of their crime. For example, most class C convictions carry a zero to five year sentence when involved with felony convictions, meaning that you will do at least zero years up to five years and then you must be terminated of that sentence. But the board can release you on conditions any time in that zero to five period. This is Parole.
Now it gets complicated because we are going to talk about rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation is to not only correct the behavior that got the individual incarcerated to begin with, but to also aid them in re-entering society and being a non threat to that society. This means correcting the original behavior and also giving them schooling or training that will help them re-enter main stream society. But there is a catch. You see a person can correct their behavior and also better themselves through schooling and vocational training in order to become more effective and productive citizens but there is a problem awaiting them once they leave the correctional facility. The government has established re-education for criminal individuals but never had educated the public on these individuals placement back into society. The simplest way to explain it is by using my daughters as examples. Though they may have changed their behaviors and bettered themselves through programs, they find themselves being thrown back into a society today that will not hire anyone with a criminal background and therefore all the rehabilitation and re-education is of little value to them when they are refused acceptance back into main stream society. This in itself sets them up for failure because though they may want to turn their lives around it becomes a struggle to just find acceptance and are denied the opportunity by employers to prove that this rehabilitation has succeeded in it's cause. In most cases when ex felons are faced with this situation they turn back to a life of crime in order to survive, and their trust in the system and the public becomes more hardened. If this pattern repeats itself they usually become habitual offenders and they become permanent wards of the state and an ongoing expense to the tax payer. In order to offer real rehabilitation you must not only correct the behavior of the perpetrators of the system, but you must as well change the behavior of a society that shuns them and gives them reason to violate the law. The solution to this problem can only come from one of two places. One: The government put in place active employment opportunities for ex felons so they can provide a living for themselves and not turn back to crime, or Two: Society must take note of this revolving issue and take a more active role in giving ex felons the opportunity to prove themselves by offering them employment.

The philosophy is simple. There can be no rehabilitation for these individuals if the punishment continues for them outside of the correctional institutions once they have served their time!

Answer 2

One philosophy emphasizes punishment and retribution, focusing on the enforcement of consequences for criminal behavior through incarceration. The other philosophy focuses on rehabilitation and reintegration, aiming to address the root causes of criminal behavior and support individuals in making positive changes to prevent future offenses.

Answer 3

One is that the purpose of a correctional organization is to punish offenders. Another is that the purpose of a correction organization is to rehabilitate offenders.

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