I normally replace with half shortening and half butter. It works fine.
Substitutes for liquid shortening include:
melted butter
melted shortening
vegetable oil
canola oil
melted lard
Yes, but the flavor will be altered and not have the butter flavor from the butter flavored shortening
use butter flavored Crisco
Sometimes shortening, such as Crisco, comes in flavors like "butter flavored". Check your local grocery store for other varieties.
Possibly a bland flavored oil (such as sunflower). But the result will not be as good.
It depends on what you are making
White shortening is just another term for plain shortening. It's used to distinguish from butter-flavored shortening. If you're not from the US or Canada and don't know what shortening is at all, it's made from partially-hydrogenated vegetable oil and is used as a substitute for lard and butter in recipes and as an oil for deep-frying. It has no flavor of its own and is there strictly to make the dough or short. Substituting butter or lard can be difficult because shortening has some air whipped into it, but for recipes like drop cookies where you can afford to play fast and loose with the measurements a one-to-one substitution of butter often works (and works better than shortening, sometimes).
The advantages of using butter and using shortening in butter creme icings include butter's good taste, and the shortening in butter seals the moisture in the cake.
Yes, you can substitute lard or shortening for butter or vegetable oil in cookies, as long as you realize the resulting cookies will not have a buttery taste. Crisco has a butter flavored shortening that works and tastes quite well, although you might consider the health risks of the partially hydrogenated oils in any shortening. Lard is a fine substitute, with good flavor results. You can also replace the butter flavor with additional vanilla or other flavor extracts.
Butter is one type of shortening. Use a cup of butter.
Yes and yes.
Yes, that would be just fine. A shortening agent can be any of various fats such as butter, lard, margarine, and so on. So, butter is shortening.
Butter is the best replacement for shortening.