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What capital cities in Australia had convicts?

Updated: 8/18/2019
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10y ago

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The capital cities in Australia which had convicts at some stage were:

  • Sydney
  • Hobart
  • Brisbane
  • Melbourne
  • Perth

Adelaide, capital of South Australia, never had convicts.

Interestingly, Western Australia (Swan River) and Victoria (Port Phillip) did not start as convict colonies.

While South Australia always remained convict-free, the settlers of the Swan River colony asked for convicts because they claimed there was the need for convict labour. The first convicts arrived about 15 years after the colony was founded.

The Port Phillip District (Victoria) was established by free settlers who were joined by ex-convicts from Van Diemen's Land and New South Wales. The first colony in Port Phillip, at Sorrento, which was indeed a convict colony, failed, so the southern coast had no formal colony for another three decades or more.

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