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Chlorine would be most similar to fluorine. They are in the same group of the periodic table, so they undergo the same types of reaction in general, and chlorine is the next most reactive after fluorine.
Fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen and chlorine. There are many scales used to measure electronegativity. Each is different. Oxygen and chlorine usually have an electronegativity value between 3.2 and 3.5 depending on the scale. Fluorine has an electronegativity of 4, the highest number on the scale. This means that the difference in electronegativity of fluorine and oxygen or chlorine is between 0.5 and 0.8 depending on the scale. This is the amount necessary to form a polar covalent bond.
The electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 and for fluorine it is 3.98. The difference in electronegativities is 0.54, so the bond between fluorine and oxygen is polar covalent.
properties that show differences between substances
Maybe something like:Bromine, Iodine, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine ?but I don't see the link between them to 'row' them up.
Many similarities exist between fluorine and chlorine.
no
Chlorine would be most similar to fluorine. They are in the same group of the periodic table, so they undergo the same types of reaction in general, and chlorine is the next most reactive after fluorine.
Fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen and chlorine. There are many scales used to measure electronegativity. Each is different. Oxygen and chlorine usually have an electronegativity value between 3.2 and 3.5 depending on the scale. Fluorine has an electronegativity of 4, the highest number on the scale. This means that the difference in electronegativity of fluorine and oxygen or chlorine is between 0.5 and 0.8 depending on the scale. This is the amount necessary to form a polar covalent bond.
The electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 and for fluorine it is 3.98. The difference in electronegativities is 0.54, so the bond between fluorine and oxygen is polar covalent.
Chlorine is the name of the 17th element. In its pure form it is a toxic green gas. Chloride is the ion formed when chlorine gains an electron, giving it a negative charge or otherwise refers to compound in which chlorine is in its 1- oxidation state (e.g. methyl chloride).
The bond between phosphorus and fluorine atoms is more polar than the bond between phosphorus and chlorine atoms.
properties that show differences between substances
FONCl (pronounced fonkle) - the order of electronegativity - F O N Cl - fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine
Even though Fluorine has the highest electronegativity among all the elements and it should have the highest electron gain enthalpy among all the halogens but this is an exception and chlorine has higher electron gain enthalpy than Fluorine. The reason for this is that the size of Fluorine atom is very small and hence there is very high inter-electronic repulsion among the electrons of fluorine. This makes incoming of another electron not very favourable. Even though fluorine has large negative electron gain enthalpy but for chlorine its even more negative.
Maybe something like:Bromine, Iodine, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine ?but I don't see the link between them to 'row' them up.
It utterly depends. For instance salt (NaCl) behaves nothing like either Sodium or Chlorine, whist FBr (Fluorine and Bromine) has properties similar to Chlorine (ie another halogen). I suspect it depends on the form of bonding: covalent compounds between similar elements, assuming they are not too large, may have similar properties, whilst ionic compounds will not. However, for large covalent compounds like proteins this idea breaks down. In most cases, no.