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Just like rubbing your hand on a balloon, the skin of an aircraft can build up a lot of static electricity due to the aerodynamic friction as the airplane flies. Since the tires are rubber, which is an excellent electrical insulator, and the tires are the only part that contact the ground. It is possible for the aircraft to retain this charge well after landing. Anyone or anything that comes into contact with the aircraft could ground the charge & get a good jolt & probably a spark.

Naturally this is of grave concern, as the first thing to touch the aircraft may very well be a fuel hose. The spark generated on discharge could ignite fuel vapors.

To mitigate these risks, most aircraft are equipped with "static wicks" which bleed off this static electricity into the air as the aircraft flies. These will be in the form of small rigid plastic protrusions from the trailing edges of the wings and tail surfaces. There may also be a static wick on the landing gear which discharges static charges into the ground on touchdown. Fuel trucks are also equipped with ground-lines which are connected to the aircraft before fueling takes place.

Additionally, many aircraft which use glass windshields (as opposed to acrylic) may produce and hold a very dangerous charge in that windshield. When cleaning one of these windshields, it is important to first pour a small amount of water onto the glass to dissipate the charge to the rest of the aircraft, otherwise you may receive a very dangerous electrical shock.

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Q: What dangers are present if the aircraft is not grounded as soon as it lands?
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