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What defines an acid and a base?

Updated: 9/16/2023
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13y ago

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Depending on the definition you use.

An Arrhenius acid / base is one that gives a H+ / OH- ion when dissociated in water.

A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor (since a hydrogen ion without its valence electron is a proton), while a Bronsted-Lowry base is defined as one which accepts a H+ ion from the acid. This helps explain why substances without OH- (Na2CO3) react with acids.

A Lewis acid is one that can accept an electron pair, and a Lewis base is one which can donate an electron pair. As a result, a Lewis base is necessarily a Bronsted-Lowry base, though the converse may not be true

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Q: What defines an acid and a base?
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