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It depends on which colony you mean. There were several theories. Some are:

  • Lack of religious roots - specific to the Quakers of Pennsylvania and New York. This is the source of the term Penitentiary.
  • Indebtedness - specific to James Oglethorpe's Georgia colony. Oglethorpe was tasked by George II to establish a buffer zone between the other British colonies and Spanish Florida by teaching and encouraging strong work ethics for those who had become indebted in England.
  • Political sedition - After the New World colonies gained their freedom, England began sending convicts to Australia and the vicinity. Many of the convicted were proponents of Irish Home Rule and trade unionists.
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11y ago
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11y ago

They believed that idleness was the main cause of crime during the late 1800s in Pennsylvania.

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Q: What did colonial penologists believe to be the main cause of crime?
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