they made african americans pass a test first to see if they can read and write
Disfranchise it
ANSWER:The Southern states denied African-Americans the right to vote.
The Black Codes is the first thing that comes to mind. Also, the North really never put much of an effort in preparing ex-slaves and "free" African Americans for life in a capitalist society where freedom is contingent on wealth.
They made African Americans pass a test to prove they could read and write
Most African Americans didn't know.
Poll taxes and literacy tests
To discurage african Americans from voting
no he supported segragation in the southern states
they denied them equal rights, they thought of them as useless.
The southern half of the country kept the African-Americans as slaves. The northern states never engaged in that kind of behavior.
The Southern states kept African Americans from gaining political power by denying them an education. They also passed laws to keep them down. They were not allowed to own property and most of them could not read or write.
(in the US) Without even resorting to statistical research: since the year contained in the question is prior to the War Between the States, and since the practice of slavery existed in both the northern states and the southern states, it can safely be deduced that more African-Americans (in North America) were enslaved than there were free at that time.