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The word "mitzvah" means commandment, the word "bar" means son, and the word "bat" means daughter, so literally, a "bar mitzvah" is a son of a commandment, and a "bat mitzvah" is a daughter of a commandment. Jewish tradition holds that children become responsible adults at puberty, traditionally age 13 for boys, age 12 for girls. A child above this age is "bar mitzvah" or "bat mitzvah" because they are personally responsible for their actions. A younger child's actions are the responsibility of their parents. On becoming bar mitzvah, a boy (and in liberal communities, a girl) can be counted toward the 10 adults required to make up a minyan (quorum) for communal worship, and be called up for a reading from the Torah. The bar mitzvah or bat mitzvah, as a celebration, marks the first time that the child is counted or called up. By the middle ages, there were Rabbis who suggested that a bar mitzvah was as worthy of celebration as a wedding, and this remains the case in the Jewish community today.

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Anonymous

5y ago

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