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C. Reduced

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Q: What does manganese become when KMNO4 reacts with ethanol in acid solution A. ionized B. oxidized C. reduced D. Catalyzed E. Dehydrated?
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If the potassium permanganate solution is prepared from stock solid potassium permanganate, it is important to remove manganese dioxide from the system. MnO2 catalytically decomposes permanganate into oxygen and lower ox. states manganese. Manganese dioxide is insoluble, whereas permanganate is very soluble. Boiling the solution would ensure that all solid permanganate had dissolved, and so little would be lost upon filtering out MnO2 (which remains insoluble at higher temperatures) The remaining solution will have a longer shelf-life due to the absence of the aforementioned decomposition catalyst. If the permanganate solution is required acidic, the use of a small amount of phosphoric acid can be effective. Typically, sulfuric acid is used in combination with permanganate as an acid oxidant. The problem being that sulfuric acid dissolves manganese and thus the catalyst becomes soluble, and difficult to remove. Stock acid solutions of permanganate have far reduced shelf-life. The addition of a small amount of phosphoric acid helps alleviate this. Manganese(ii) oxide reacts with acidified permanganate to form Manganese(iii) cations - these in turn precipitate from solution as manganese(iii)phosphate. Complex ions of manganese(iii) can also form with phosphate, and these partake roles in equilibrium resulting in their further deposition from solution. Once the phosphate complexes are removed by filtration of the hot acidified permanganate solution, the solution has a longer shelf-life.


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