The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, recommends:
Commercial Technologies currently available:
Commercial Technologies projected by 2030:
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, recommends:Commercial Technologies currently available:Landfill methane recovery;waste incineration with energy recovery;composting of organic waste;controlled waste water treatment;recycling and waste minimizationCommercial Technologies projected by 2030:Biocovers and biofilters to optimize the oxidation of methane (CH4).
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:The amount of methane in the atmosphere in 2005 (1774 ppb) exceeds by far the natural range of the last 650,000 years (320 to 790 ppb).
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in 2005 (379 ppm) exceeds by far the natural range of the last 650,000 years (180 to 300 ppm).
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:Nitrous oxide concentrations have risen from a pre-industrial value of 270 ppb to a 2005 value of 319 ppb. More than a third of this rise is due to human activity , primarily agriculture.
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, recommends:Commercial Technologies currently available:More efficient end-use electrical equipment;heat and power recovery;material recycling and substitution;control of non-CO2 gas emissions;and a wide array of process-specific technologies.Commercial Technologies projectedby 2030:Advanced energy efficiency;Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) for cement, ammonia, and iron manufacture;inert electrodes for aluminium manufacture.
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:"Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are all long-lived greenhouse gases.andCarbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide have increased markedly as a result of human activities since 1750 and now far exceed pre-industrial values."
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:Cold days, cold nights, and frost events have become less frequent. Hot days, hot nights, and heat waves have become more frequent.Eleven of the twelve years in the period (1995-2006) rank among the top 12 warmest years in the instrumental record (since 1880).
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:"Average Arctic temperatures increased at almost twice the global average rate in the past 100 years.""Sea-ice is projected to shrink in both the Arctic and Antarctic … In some projections, Arctic late-summer sea ice disappears almost entirely by the latter part of the 21st century."
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, recommends:Commercial Technologies currently available:efficient lighting and daylighting;more efficient electrical appliances and heating and cooling devices;improved cook stoves,improved insulation;passive and active solar design for heating and cooling;alternative refrigeration fluids,recovery and recycle of fluorinated gasesCommercial Technologies projected by 2030:Integrated design of commercial buildings including technologies, such as intelligent meters that provide feedback and control;solar photovoltaic panels (PV) integrated in buildings
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, recommends:Commercial Technologies currently available:Improved crop and grazing land management to increase soil carbon storage;restoration of cultivated peaty soils and degraded lands;improved rice cultivation techniques and livestock and manure management to reduce methane (CH4) emissions;improved nitrogen fertilizer application techniques to reduce Nitrous Oxide (N2O) emissions;dedicated energy crops to replace fossil fuel use;improved energy efficiencyCommercial Technologies projectedby 2030:Improvements of crop yields.
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, recommends:Commercial Technologies currently available:Afforestation;Reforestation;Forest management;Reduced deforestation;Harvested wood product management;Use of forestry products for bio-energy to replace fossil fuel useCommercial Technologies projected by 2030:Tree species improvement to increase biomass productivity and carbon bio-sequestration (removing CO2 from the atmosphere and storing it in trees and vegetation).Improved remote sensing technologies for analysis of vegetation/ soil carbon sequestration potential and mapping land use change.
The Fourth Report of the IPCC (The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate Change 2007, said:Average Northern Hemisphere temperatures during the second half of the 20th century were very likely higher than during any other 50-year period in the last 500 years and likely the highest in at least the past 1300 years (including both theMedieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age).