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Overview The Anfal campaign began in 1986 and lasted until 1989, and was headed by Ali Hasan al-Majid, a cousin of the Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. The Anfal campaign included the use of ground offensives, aerial bombing, systematic destruction of settlements, mass deportation, concentration camps, firing squads, and chemical warfare, which earned al-Majid the nickname of "Chemical Ali".
Thousands of civilians were killed during chemical and conventional bombardments stretching from the spring of 1987 through the fall of 1988. The attacks were part of a long-standing campaign that destroyed almost every Kurdish village in Iraq -- along with a centuries-old way of life -- and displaced at least a million of the country's estimated 3.5 million Kurdish population.
Independent sources estimate 50,000 to more than 100,000 deaths; the Kurds claim about 182,000 people were killed. Amnesty International collected the names of more than 17,000 people who had "disappeared" during 1988. The campaign has been characterized as genocidal in nature, notably before a court in The Hague. It is also characterized as gendercidal, because "battle-age" men were the primary targets, according to Human Rights Watch/Middle East (hereafter, HRW/ME).
Please read more about the Anfal Campaign in the Related Link below.
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When did Al-Anfal Campaign happen?
Al-Anfal Campaign happened on 1988-09-06.
What does anfal mean?
"Anfal" is an Arabic term that means "spoils of war" or "booty." It is commonly associated with the Anfal genocide, a campaign of mass murder and displacement carried out by the Iraqi government against the Kurdish population in the late 1980s.
What is Iraq's 1987-1988 Anfal Campaign in Kurdistan?
The Anfal Campaign was the name assigned by Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq, for his genocidal attack on a number of Kurdish tribes in northern Iraq (southern Kurdistan), wherein over 180,000 Kurds were gassed to death.
What was the genocidal campaign against Jews?
holocaust
How does revisionist interpretation of the Holocaust movement affect the world today?
There is remembrance of the Holocaust but there is no 'Holocaust movement'. That expression makes it sound like a political campaign.
What did Winton do?
Help campaign about the nazis and help jews during the Holocaust
How many died in Iraq genocide?
It depends on which one. Most people use the term "Iraq genocide" to apply exclusively to the al-Anfal Campaign which was responsible for the cruel murder of 184,000 Kurds.
What did Nicholas Winton do?
Help campaign about the nazis and help jews during the holocaust
When did the Kurdish genocide end?
The Kurdish genocide, known as the Anfal campaign, ended in 1988. It was a series of systematic attacks and killings targeting Kurdish populations in Iraq carried out by Saddam Hussein's regime.
How did the Holocaust and the final solution affect the 'free world'?
It has been said that the Holocaust accelerated the campaign against racism, for example in the U.S., after the war.
What did the Japanese and the Holocaust have in common?
'the Japanese' are a people 'the Holocaust' was an event, there are no factors that can be compared.
How many kurdies were poisenned by husein?
During the Anfal campaign in the late 1980s, Saddam Hussein's regime targeted the Kurdish population in Iraq, resulting in the deaths of thousands. The most infamous incident of chemical warfare occurred in Halabja in March 1988, where an estimated 5,000 Kurds were killed in a single attack. Overall, during the Anfal campaign, estimates suggest that up to 100,000 Kurds may have died due to various forms of violence, including poison gas attacks. The exact number of poisoned individuals is difficult to determine, but the impact was devastating.
