NADH
The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. This process, known as lactic acid fermentation, is a way for cells to regenerate NAD+ from NADH in the absence of oxygen.
The shift in metabolism that breaks down pyruvic acid to lactic acid is called lactic acid fermentation. This process occurs when there is an insufficient oxygen supply for aerobic respiration, leading to the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis to continue.
C6H12O6 --> 2C3H6O3+2ATP Sugar (glucose) → Lactic Acid + Carbon Dioxide + Energy (ATP) or Pyruvic acid + NADH → Lactic acid + NAD+
Pyruvic acid is more reduced than lactic acid. This is because yruvic acid contains carboxylic acid and a ketone to oxaloacetate.
pyruvic acid
Lactic acid (also called lactate).The product of glycolysis in the cytoplasm is pyruvic acid (= pyruvate). If there is not enough oxygen for the mitochondria to oxidize the pyruvic acid, the enzyme lactic acid (or lactate) dehydrogenase, which is in the cytoplasm, reduces the pyruvic acid to lactic acid.
The type of fermentation described is lactic acid fermentation. In this process, glucose is converted into pyruvic acid through glycolysis, and pyruvic acid is then converted into lactic acid, regenerating NAD+ in the process. This pathway occurs in cells under anaerobic conditions, producing 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
The Krebs cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, not pyruvic acid. It produces ATP, NADH, FADH2, and carbon dioxide but does not yield lactic acid or alcohol. Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation occur in the absence of oxygen.
When oxygen is scarce, cellular pyruvic acid will be converted to lactic acid through a process called lactic acid fermentation. This process helps regenerate NAD+ to keep glycolysis running in the absence of oxygen.
If oxygen is present it is converted to Acetyl-CoA and enters citric acid cycle If oxygen is not present is will become lactic acid and /or ethanol
In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid through a process called lactic acid fermentation. This process helps regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue in the absence of oxygen.
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