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What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on the afferent arterioles?
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Does coronary vessels have both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation?
Yes. Sympathetic nerve stimulation dilates the blood vessels. Parasympathetic nerve stimulation constricts the blood vessels. The sympathetic nerve stimulation effect is more pronounced.
What is the effect of constricted arterioles in the glomerular filtration rate?
Decreasing the diameter of the efferent arteriole would increase the hydrostatic pressure inside the glomerulus and effectively increase the glomerular filtration rate. If you increase the diameter of the afferent arteriole you would achieve the same effect.
Why is it important for the sympathetic nervous system to be able to override the kidney's autoregulatory systems?
If blood pressure drops too low due to excessive fluid loss, then the sympathetic nervous system will override renal autoregulation. Sympathetic nerves innervate the afferent arteriole, causing smooth muscle contraction, decreased GFR and decreased fluid loss via urine. Another effect of the sympathetic nervous system is to stimulate renin secretion by the juxtaglomerular cells, activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The RAAS increases extracellular fluid volume by increasing sodium reabsorption (see later web page on sodium).
Vagus nerveWhat is the effect of vagus nerve stimulation on the heartbeat?
Activation of the vagus nerve typically leads to a reduction in heart rate..
Does the effect of epinephrine mimic the effect of the sympathetic nervous system or the parasympathetic nervous system?
epinephrine (or adrenaline in the UK) mimics the effects of norepinephrine (noradrenaline in UK), so activates the SNS, not the PSNS.
What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on the rectum?
it contract the rectum
Does coronary vessels have both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation?
Yes. Sympathetic nerve stimulation dilates the blood vessels. Parasympathetic nerve stimulation constricts the blood vessels. The sympathetic nerve stimulation effect is more pronounced.
What is the effect on blood pressure to an attack by a mugger?
Blood pressure would increase due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation.
What is the effect of parasympathetic stimulation on this salivary glands?
Sympathetic stimulation of your salivary glands suppresses the activity of the glands and salivation decreases. During parasympathetic stimulation you to salivate.
What is the effect of constricted arterioles in the glomerular filtration rate?
Decreasing the diameter of the efferent arteriole would increase the hydrostatic pressure inside the glomerulus and effectively increase the glomerular filtration rate. If you increase the diameter of the afferent arteriole you would achieve the same effect.
What is the effect of reducing afferent arteriole radius on filtration?
reducing afferent arteriole radius decreases filtration rate
What is the sympathetic effect on the heart?
Heart rate increases with sympathetic nervous system. There is increase in stroke volume and cardiac output. With stimulation of vagus nerve or parasympathetic nervous system, You have decrease in heart rate. There is decrease the stroke volume and cardiac output.
When your pupils dialate does that mean you have a fast heartbeat?
No, although the two may both be signs of sympathetic nervous system stimulation, so often they're seen at the same time, though there is no cause-and-effect relationship.
Whats the function of veins and what are the effect of sympathetic activity on veins?
veins help with sex and the effect of sympathetic activity on veins is that it will help with sex
What is an effect of psychoactive abuse?
stimulation of the reward pathway
What effect would compressing the inferior vena cava just below the diaphragm have on cardiac function?
Cardiac output would decrease, SV would also decrease, the heart rate would then increase and sympathetic stimulation of the heart would also increase.
How could adjust the afferent or efferent radius to compensate for the effect of reduced blood pressure on glomerular filtration rate?
increase afferent radius or decrease efferent radius depending on the degree of change in blood pressure
