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What enzyme does Bacteriophages use to breach bacterial cell wall?
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∙ 12y ago
lysozyme
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∙ 12y ago
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What is an autolysin?
An autolysin is an enzyme produced by bacteria that can break down their own cell walls. It is involved in processes like cell division and the release of DNA during bacterial cell death. Autolysins play a role in biofilm formation and the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.
How does penicillin work as an enzyme inhibitor?
Penicillin works by irreversibly inhibiting an enzyme (transpeptidase) that catalyzes a crosslinking reaction in the formation of the bacterial cell wall. Penicillin inhibits the transpeptidase by forming an irreversible covalent bond with the active-site serine residue in the enzyme
Why does penicillin not affect human cells?
This is essentially because bacterial cells and human cells are very different. Both bacterial and human cells use chemicals called enzymes to build their walls. Penicillin is the right chemical "shape" to chemically stick to part of the bacterial enzyme. When it does this, it stops the bacterial enzyme from working properly and this makes the bacterial cell walls weak. The weakened cell wall cannot withstand the outside pressure, it breaks up and the bacterial cell dies. Human cells are made by different types of enzymes with a different chemical shape that penecillin is unable to stick to so it cant stop the human enzymes from working. The human cell walls are thus unaffected by it and they remain strong.
What do bacteriophages obtain from host cells?
Bacteriophages obtain nutrients and energy from host cells in order to replicate. They also hijack the host cell's cellular machinery to produce new viral particles.
Does a bacterial cell have a cell membrane?
Of course they are found in bacterial cells.Every living cell has a plasma membrane.
What is an acetylglucosaminyltransferase?
An acetylglucosaminyltransferase is an enzyme which adds acetylglucosamine to heptose residues of bacterial cell walls.
Is bacteriophage alive?
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria, and they can only replicate inside a host bacterial cell. While there is debate about whether viruses are classified as living organisms, bacteriophages themselves are considered non-living entities because they cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic processes on their own.
What is an aminocoumarin?
An aminocoumarin is any of a class of antibiotics which act by inhibition of the DNA gyrase enzyme which is involved in bacterial cell division.
What are bacteriopahages?
Bacteriophages are, quite literally, "bacteria eaters". Bacteriophages are a type of virus that attacks bacteria, taking over its cell to reproduce.
How does penicillin?
Penicillin works by inactivating an enzyme necessary for the cross linking bacterial cell walls.Its given to people who use it and get cured
Do bacteriophages multiply and how?
They do multiply and it's accomplished by injecting DNA into a host cell (bacteria in this case) and forcing the cell to synthesize the virus DNA, effectively creating more bacteriophages with the bacteria's own protein. The bacteria eventually bursts and the new bacteriophages are released to live happily ever after.
Why are tears considered to be a nonspecific mechanism of the immune system?
Because tear contains lysozyme, an enzyme that destroys bacterial cell wall.
What is an autolysin?
An autolysin is an enzyme produced by bacteria that can break down their own cell walls. It is involved in processes like cell division and the release of DNA during bacterial cell death. Autolysins play a role in biofilm formation and the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.
How does penicillin work as an enzyme inhibitor?
Penicillin works by irreversibly inhibiting an enzyme (transpeptidase) that catalyzes a crosslinking reaction in the formation of the bacterial cell wall. Penicillin inhibits the transpeptidase by forming an irreversible covalent bond with the active-site serine residue in the enzyme
Does a Bacterial cell have only a cell wall?
No, bacterial cell also have phospholipid bilayers.
What happends when a bacteriophage infects a bacterial cell?
The phage injects it's genetic material into the bacteria this can either be RNA, DNA or both. This genetic material is then translated into viral proteins which are assembled into new viruses along with a brand new genetic package ready to infect a new bacteria.
Why does penicillin not affect human cells?
This is essentially because bacterial cells and human cells are very different. Both bacterial and human cells use chemicals called enzymes to build their walls. Penicillin is the right chemical "shape" to chemically stick to part of the bacterial enzyme. When it does this, it stops the bacterial enzyme from working properly and this makes the bacterial cell walls weak. The weakened cell wall cannot withstand the outside pressure, it breaks up and the bacterial cell dies. Human cells are made by different types of enzymes with a different chemical shape that penecillin is unable to stick to so it cant stop the human enzymes from working. The human cell walls are thus unaffected by it and they remain strong.
