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Over the past few centuries, in some cases even longer amounts of time, scientific theories and hypothesis have challenged major religious beliefs and or "bad science" ideas about the world and the Universe. Here are some prime examples:

A. Ancient Greeks believed that there were four major elements making up the world. The elements were earth, air, fire, and water. Modern science challenged these ancient beliefs;

B. The sea voyage of Magellan and his crew which sailed around the world ( he died on the trip ) challenged the ancient belief that the world was flat;

C. The Biblical word that dates the existence of the earth to approximately 6,000 years has been challenged by by scientific evidence that the earth is millions of years old; and

D. Charles Darwin's hypothesis that mankind evolved from lower level creatures challenged the religious belief that man was created at once by God.

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Q: What existing beliefs did scientific theories challenge?
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