The Modern State of Israel has always had a parliamentary democracy. However, this is fundamentally different governmental form than Ancient Israel which vasselated between local chiefdoms, centralized monarchies, and theocratic states.
The Modern State of Israel has has a consistent form of government since the Declaration of Independence in 1948 and the First Meeting of the Knesset in 1949. This has been a Parliamentary Democracy.
In terms of the region of Israel/Palestine throughout history, they are, in chronological order:
Tribal Sheikhdoms: Canaanites and early Israelite Settlements
Absolute Monarchies: United Kingdom of Israel, Northern Kingdom of Israel, Kingdom of Judah, Assyria, Babylonia, Persia, Seleucid Greeks
Theocratic Monarchies: Hasmonean Dynasty
Imperial Governate: Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire
Arab Caliphate: Rashidun Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Abbassid Caliphate, Fatimid Caliphate
Christian Crusader City-States: Kingdom of Jerusalem, Tripoli
Turkish Governate (Vilayet): Seljuk Sultanate, Ottoman Sultanate
British Mandate: Empire of the United Kingdom
Parliamentary Democracy: Israel
Puppet Government: Egyptian Gaza
Authoritarianism: Palestinian Authority (in West Bank)
Theocratic Authoritarianism: Hamas Gaza
no
The State of Israel is found in the same place it has always been, in the southwest Levant.
No, Bolivia has always had the same government.
Wealthy merchants form power as a republic. This is part of the government.
not always
Each country has a different government. Even if the government has the same concept, they are always running a little bit differently.
the same as the United States (democracy)
the same as now
No
The US has a republic form of government and countries such as France, Italy, Brazil, and India have the same forms.
No, they could by parallel but not the same line.
The same as now.