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The Byzantine Empire is another name for the Eastern Roman Empire. Its capital and governmental institutions were all centered around the city of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and it maintained a grip on the lands around it until the city fell to the Ottomans in 1453. Thus, it can be considered that the Byzantines were generally in the Balkans, specifically the Balkan Peninsula, as the empire did not reach into Anatolia in its dying days.

The contemporary people, however, didn't see it as such and often referred to the Byzantines as "Romans" and the empire as the "Roman Empire". In their time, the Byzantine Empire was considered a part of Western Europe, despite the Western Roman Empire having fallen long ago.


Indeed, the term "Byzantine Empire" and the distinctions between the Eastern and Western Roman Empires were only derived after the fall of Constantinople.

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