What happened after the resurrection of Jesus?

Answer 1

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In the New Testament, on the day of the pentecost the Holy Spirit came down upon the praying disciples of Jesus Christ. It came in the form of tongues of fire. The event is recorded in Acts of the Apostles. In the Old Testament, Hebrews commemorated this day as the day when God gave his commandments to Moses on the Mount Sinai.

On the day of Pentecost, everyone that was in the upper room, was filled with the Holy Ghost, speaking in tongues as the spirit gave them the utterance, and had cloves of fire upon each head.

For more specific answers, you can look in the first few chapters of Acts...
All of the disciples were filled with the Holy Ghost on the day of Pentecost, and 3000 were added to the Church on that day.

Answer 2

Jesus appeared to many different people, including His own disciples and others who supported His ministry, for the next 40 days. Jesus met His disciples at a mountain in Galilee. There He reminded them that all authority in heaven and on earth is His. On this basis they were to make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Jesus and His disciples returned to Jerusalem one last time together. There they may have met in the upper room where they had shared Passover and where Jesus had instituted the Lord's Supper. He told the disciples to wait until they had been clothed with power from on high, until the Holy Ghost came upon them. Later, Jesus repeated His commission that His disciples would be witnesses in Jerusalem, Samaria, and to the ends of the world. Then Jesus ascended until He was no longer in sight.

Answer 3

The answer to this question differs according to which source you refer:
Paul
The earliest written reference to the resurrection of Jesus is in Paul's epistles, although he appears to have seen the resurrection as purely spiritual. In 1 Corinthians chapter 15, Paul records that "He was seen of Cephas [Peter], then of the twelve: After that, he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep. After that, he was seen of James; then of all the apostles. And last of all he was seen of me [Paul] also, as of one born out of due time."

Mark Mark's Gospel was the first canonical gospel, written approximately 70 CE. The earliest known manuscripts of Mark do not even have a resurrection narrative, beyond the women simply seeing an empty tomb and the young man telling them that Jesus had risen.

Later interpolators added resurrection appearances to bring this gospel more or less into line with the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. Verses 16:9-20 (the 'Long Ending') were added clumsily by a later author, with verse 16:12 saying that he "appeared to two of them". This interpolation harmonises well, as it can be read as either the two women of Matthew's Gospel or the two men of Luke's Gospel.

Matthew Matthew's Gospel reports an earthquake that rolled away the stone. Mary Magdalene and the other Mary saw the angel who caused the earthquake sitting on the stone. The women saw Jesus later while on the way to tell the disciples of their experience. Finally, the eleven disciples went to a mountain in Galilee and saw Jesus.

Luke In Luke's Gospel, the stone had already been moved when a group of women arrived, but there is no mention of an earthquake. This time, two men appeared to the women in shining garments, apparently angels. Later, Jesus appeared to two men, Cleopas and (presumably) Peter, but they did not recognise him, even after conversing with him, inviting him home, and eating dinner with him. They only assumed that he was Jesus based on his words and behaviour, but then he vanished out of their sight. At his next appearance, Jesus went to some lengths to assure them that he really was Jesus, showing the disciples his wounds, and finally being drawn up into heaven. All this happened in and near Jerusalem, not in Galilee.

John
In John's Gospel, only Mary Magdalene went to the sepulchre and saw the stone moved. Then came 'the disciple whom Jesus loved' (traditionally thought to be John) and Peter, who went in and saw only the linen clothes and the napkin. Next 'the disciple whom Jesus loved' went in, saw and believed. Only after they left did Mary see two angels in the sepulchre. Mary afterwards saw Jesus standing and knew not that it was Jesus, supposing that he was the gardener.

The next two appearances are quite similar to a single appearance in Luke's Gospel except, as Elaine Pagels points out in Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of Thomas (2003), the account seems intended to disadvantage the disciple Thomas, by causing him to miss the blessing of the Holy Spirit and then appear to doubt that it was Jesus that he saw [Pagels identifies a thread of anti-Thomas narrative in John's Gospel.]. Finally, Jesus appeared to the disciples at the Sea of Tiberius but, although 'the disciple whom Jesus loved' quickly identified him, none of them dared to ask who he was, presumably meaning that his identity was still not obvious to them all. They then conversed with him after the meal, where Peter assured Christ of his brotherly love.

Answer 4

Acts of the Apostles says that on the day of Pentecost, everyone that was in the upper room, was filled with the Holy Spirit coming down on them as tongues of fire. They spoke in tongues as the spirit gave them the utterance.

This was the Christian Pentecost, but the Jews also celebrated a Pentecost from the second century BCE onwards, and hence in Jesus' day, in memory of the giving of the Law on Mount Sinai. Also known asShavuot, it takes place fifty days after Passover, just as the Christian Pentecost takes place fifty days after Easter. Numbers 11:25 tells us that on that occasion, the spirit of God came down on the seventy elders and they began to prophesy in ecstasy. There are enough parallels to the earlier account to raise doubts about the historicity of the Christian Pentecost.

The author of Matthew's Gospel knew nothing of Luke's Gospel or Acts of the Apostles, and therefore nothing of Pentecost. Matthew 28:19-20 simply has Jesus meet the disciples at a mountain in Galilee, far away from Jerusalem, and command them to go therefore and teach to all nations, and that he will be with them always. This is an alternative account of the very beginning of the Church, again suggesting that the Christian Pentecost never really took place.

The author of John's Gospel certainly knew of Luke's Gospel but probably not Acts of the Apostles. John 20:22 has Jesus breathe on the disciples and give them the Holy Spirit, seemingly making Luke's Pentecost superfluous. This give further reason to raise doubt about the historicity of Pentecost.

With two parallel biblical accounts (Numbers, Acts) of a Pentecost, at least two biblical accounts (Matthew,Acts) of the beginning of the the Church and and two accounts in which the disciples received the Holy Spirit (John, Acts), we should reserve judgement both of the historicity of Pentecost and whether anything really happened on that auspicious occasion.

Answer 5

On Pentecost, the Holy Spirit came to Mary and the disciples of Jesus.

Answer 6

The Holy Spirit came to Peter as a flame of fire and as wind

Answer 7

And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance [Acts 2:4]

Answer 8

All of the disciples were filled with the Holy Ghost on the day of Pentecost, and 3000 were added to the Church on that day.