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When does a polypeptide stop growing?
A polypeptide stops growing when the ribosome reaches a stop codon on the mRNA template. This triggers the release of the polypeptide chain, along with the ribosome and mRNA, from the protein synthesis machinery.
What regions of a ribosome holds the growing polypeptide?
The P site and the A site of the ribosome hold the growing polypeptide chain during translation. The P site is where the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide is located, and the A site is where the new tRNA carrying the next amino acid in the sequence enters.
When does the polypeptide stop growing?
The polypeptide stops growing when it reaches a stop codon on the mRNA during translation. This signals the ribosome to release the polypeptide chain, which then undergoes further processing to become a functional protein.
What places the amino acid on the growing polypeptide chains?
Ribo
The step of translation in which amino acids are added one at a time to the growing polypeptide is?
The step of translation in which amino acids are added one at a time to the growing polypeptide is called elongation. During elongation, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carrying amino acids enter the ribosome and add their amino acids to the growing chain in a sequence determined by the mRNA codons.
What types of bonds are the ones that attach amino acids to each other in a growing polypeptide?
They are amide bonds -covalent. When an amino acid reacts with another, the carboxylic acid reacts with the amine forming an amide.
What dictates the corresponding sequence of amino acids in a growing polypeptide chain?
The sequence of amino acids being added to the growing polypeptide chain is controlled by the instructions (codons, 3-base codes) on the mRNA. These are a copy of the coding regions of the gene from the DNA in the nucleus.
When the ribosome moves to the right what happens to the first tRNA molecule?
The first tRNA molecule is released as the ribosome moves to the right during translation. It is no longer needed once it has delivered its amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain.
How are tRNA polypeptide and anticodon related?
tRNA is a type of RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. The tRNA has an anticodon sequence that is complementary to the mRNA codon, allowing it to base pair with the mRNA and ensure the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
How many amino acids will be in the first amino acid in every growing polypeptide?
The first amino acid in a growing polypeptide chain is usually methionine when translation initiates in eukaryotes, and formylmethionine in prokaryotes. Therefore, there will be one amino acid in the first position of every growing polypeptide chain.
How many monomers are added to the growing polypeptide or protein chain in each step?
During each step of protein synthesis, one amino acid monomer is added to the growing polypeptide chain by the ribosome. This process occurs in a cyclical manner as the ribosome moves along the mRNA strand, adding one amino acid at a time.
When is the new Amino acid added to the polypeptide chain?
The new amino acid is added to the polypeptide chain during the elongation phase of translation. This occurs when the ribosome reads the mRNA codon and brings in the corresponding tRNA with the attached amino acid. The amino acid is then added to the growing polypeptide chain through peptide bond formation.
