1) Hybridization
2) Differential resource exploitation
3) Sexual selection
4) Allopolyploidy
Basically all of the above.
Polyploidy
While cadmium has been shown to cause several types of cancer, it has not been associated with bone cancers or spinal cancers.
They don't. They've actually been shown to relieve stress.
plants
Speciation
Advil, (just a brand name for ibuprofen) has been shown to cause constipation as an adverse effect in some cases.
cause various symptoms of overdosing
Yes. Long term use of marijuana has been shown to cause anxiety.
Organophosphates are used in pesticides, herbicides, and nerve agents that have shown to cause cancer and other diseases in humans. They have been shown to harm beneficial insects such as bees.
Tenex is a blood pressure medicine and has not been shown to cause weight loss. Just the opposite, it has been known to cause weight gain.
Headphones have not been shown to cause cancer
: No, it should not. It should cause you to be more focused. Keep in mind that Strattera has been shown to cause depression and suicidal thoughts in children.