A spiral galaxy
Spirals.
A bulge is a tight group of stars found at the center of most spiral galaxies. The bright spot an the center of the galaxy in the picture above is the bulge. If this galaxy were seen from the side the collection of stars would create a bulge (spheroid) expanding out from the otherwise rather flat galaxy.
It seems that just about EVERY galaxy has a huge ("supermassive") black hole in its center.
Nearly all spiral galaxies, including our own, have such a feature.
First of all it is a spiral shape from the top. If you look at it from the side, you see a straight line with a bulge in the middle. The line is made up of gas, stars, and dust. To the left of the bulge is the sun. To the right of the bulge is a dwarf galaxy that has combined with the milky way. Inside of the bulge is lots of red and orange stars. In the very center is a huge black hole.
In science, there are no proofs, per se. You can only disprove. Generally, when speaking of the center of the galaxy, one refers to the center of the galactic mass. A galaxy revolves around its center of mass, and we can see a galactic bulge in its center. We know this from observations of other galaxies, and Doppler images of its motion at the edges, when seen edge-on, one side will be slightly red-shifted relative to the other. In our galaxy, by mapping the known stars in a three-dimensional grid, we can see a central bulge and spiral arms, similar to what is seen in many other galaxies. This is sufficient to know that we are in an arm of the galaxy, about 2/3 of the way from the center to the rim.
A spiral galaxy or barred galaxy, the milky way is one.
A spiral galaxy, as its name implies, has one or more spiral arms that stretch out from the center. The center often contains a bulge of stars and sometimes can even contain an active black hole.
a galaxy?
A spiral galaxy or barred galaxy, the milky way is one.
It is the bulge.
The bulge is a tightly packed group of stars within a larger formation. In the case of the Milky Way Galaxy our "bulge" is the galactic centre.