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EPM (Equine Protozoal Encephalytis) is a neurological disease seen in horses that is caused by ingestion of the infective sporocysts of Sarcocystis neurona. These sporocysts are shed in the feces of oppossums that have ingested meat with the parasite encysted in in (dead cats, skunks, birds, etc). Once these infective sporocysts are ingested by horses who eat feedstuffs of drink water contaminated by possum feces, the immune system normally kills the protozoan parasite but in a very small number of horses (less than 1% of exposed horses) the parasite makes it's way into the central nervous system and begins to reproduce. In doing so, it destroys cells in the central nervous system and causes inflammation in the central nervous system. Both the cellular destruction and the inflammatoin serve to disrupt the normal flow of nervous impulses along the central nervous system and lead to neurological deficits such as lack of coordination and balance, loss of muscle control, etc.
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What is EPM in garment ind?
EPM means Earning per minute. When we calculate CM we need to know EPM. Example SMVxEPM=CM.
What are the symptoms of EPM?
EPM can present with any number of neurological deficits. Lack of coordination, stumbling, dragging toes and asymmetrical loss of muscle are common signs of EPM. EPM does not present with a fever which is one of the signs used to differentiate it from infectious neurological diseases such as Eastern and Western Equine Encephalitis or West Nile Virus.
What causes EPM in horses?
The feces of opossums may contain sporocysts - cysts that contain spores that can reproduce asexually. Horses can ingest these sporocysts with feed, grass or water contaminated with opossum feces. The protozoa can leave lesions on the spinal cord and brain stem. It is this neurological damage that can cause the various symptoms of EPM.
What is the speed of the waves?
That means how fast it advances.
Can a horse get EPM from another horse's fecal matter?
No, EPM is not transmitted from horse to horse. EPM is contracted by eating feedstuffs or drinking water that has been contaminated by oppossum feces wich contain S. neurona sporocysts--this is the infective stage of the S. neurona lifecycle. This infective stage is not shed in equine feces.
Does Kentucky vaccinate against EPM?
While some veterinarians in Kentucky may have vaccinated against EPM in the past, there is no longer and EPM vaccine on the market. Fort Dodge, while able to prove the safety of their vaccine and having it conditionally licensed for several years, could not prove efficacy and so lost the license for the vaccine.
Can you horse have a normal life after EPM and treatment?
Yes, some horses do return to a normal life after EPM treatment. An early diagnosis and effective, appropriate treatment increase the chances of a good recovery.
A neighbor advised you that if a possum poops in horse feed the horse will contract some kind of disease and die True?
It is possible. The disease your neighbor is talking about is equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Currently it is generally accepted that EPM is caused by aberrant migration of a parasite (Sarcocystis neurona) through the central nervous system of a horse. S. neurona is commonly found in raccoons, where it is an intestinal parasite that is transmitted through the feces.Treatment for EPM is generally symptomatic and not particularly helpful; the damage is caused by the parasite and there isn't much a veterinarian or anyone else can do to reverse the damage to the neurons. Most horses diagnosed with EPM are either retired to pasture or breeding (if the damage is mild) or are euthanized for humane reasons.However, there are plenty of horses exposed to raccoon feces in their feed who never get EPM, and there are some horses who develop EPM but have no history of exposure to raccoons.
How do you stop an EPM burst field pulse or wave?
Negotiate a verifiable disarmament treaty.
What is the treatment of EPM in horses?
There is a new drug that has just been approved by the FDA called Marquis.
How do you detect epm?
EPM is detected through physical exam, blood testing and cerebrospinal fluid testing. It is important to note that a positive blood test may simply indicate exposure to the parasite and not disesae, therefore a diagnosis should not be made based upon a blood test alone.
What is Microsoft Project EPM and how it is useful for us?
Microsoft Project EPM stands for MS Proj. Enterprise Project Management.EPMConnect puts the resources of hundreds of Microsoft Enterprise Project Management partners at your fingertips, enabling you to quickly locate the right solutions and services and connect with the ideal EPM partner for your needs.There are many features of MS Project EPM like Project and Portfolio Management, Capital Planning and Investment Control for Federal Government, Innovation Process Management, Connecting Application Development with PPM, Project for Workgroups, etc.Check Microsoft's Official Website for more details:Source(s):http://www.microsoft.com/project/en/us/default.aspx http://www.microsoft.com/project/en/us/solutions-partners.aspx
