As Unix isn't any particular operating system, there is no distinct name for the kernel. Different versions of Unix may have vastly different kernel structures. The Linux kernel is called, well, the Linux kernel. The Vista kernel is a continuation of the "NT kernel" designed for Windows NT 3.1.
In Windows NT, executive refers to the operating system code that runs in kernel mode.
Yes.
in windows XP
No. Windows NT had it's own kernel and bootloader.
The Windows XP Architecture uses both Kernel Mode and User Mode. The kernel mode is the layer of the operating system's code that is responsible for handling such fundamental operating system items as virtual memory and scheduling which applications will run at any given time. User mode is where your actual program runs and is controlled by components of the kernel. For example, the kernel is responsible for allocating the memory that an application uses.
"MINWIN" is what the new windows 7 kernel is referred to as it is essentially a refined version of the NT kernel that Vista and xp all run on.
NT --> New Technology: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT + http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Windows_NT
The Kernel
Windows NT uses protection mechanism called rings provides by the process to implement separation between the user mode and kernel mode.
Yes, they are the interface to kernel functionality. To quote wikipedia: a system call is how a program requests a service from an operating system's kernel that it does not normally have permission to run
kernel is everything in unix os