Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a digital, point-to-point network capable of transmitting speeds of about 2Mbps. A computer connects to an ISDN line via an ISDN adapter and uses the same type of wiring as a Telephone wire. The only difference is ISDN can carry analog (voice) and digital signals, so it can be used to connect to the internet. It can be connected by the phone company but it is rarely used as it needs special equipment and is more expensive than other way.
- In your own words, define the term 'protocol' and what is the difference between protocol and protocol suite
TCP/IP
from 1 through 3
transport
many things happen.....
The protocol stack used on the Internet is the Internet Protocol Suite. It is usuallycalled TCP/IP after two of its most prominent protocols, but there are other protocolsas well. The TCP/IP model is based on a fi ve-layer model for networking. Frombottom (the link) to top (the user application), these are the physical, data link, network,transport, and application layers. Not all layers are completely defi ned by themodel, so these layers are "fi lled in" by external standards and protocols. The layershave names but no numbers, and although sometimes people speak of "Layer 2" or"Layer 3," these are not TCP/IP terms. Terms like these are actually from the OSI ReferenceModel.The TCP/IP stack is open, which means that there are no "secrets" as to how itworks. (There are "open systems" too, but with TCP/IP, the systems do not have to be"open" and often are not.) Two compatible end-system applications can communicateregardless of their underlying architectures, although the connections between layersare not defi ned.The term "protocol stack" is often used synonymously with "protocol suite" as animplementation of a reference model. However, the term "protocol suite" properlyrefers to a collection of all the protocols that can make up a layer in the referencemodel. The Internet protocol suite is an example of the Internet or TCP/IP referencemodel protocols, and a TCP/IP protocol stack implements one or more ofthese protocols at each layer.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is found in the TCP/IP stack of the Application Layer of the OSI reference model. FTP is specialized for sending and receiving files.
http is hypertext transfer protocol. it is one of the layer in tcp/ip protocol stack and used most popularly in inernet applictions at user and server agent.
True.
The command used to test the IPv4 protocol stack is ping. This command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packets to a specified IP address and waits for a response, helping to diagnose network connectivity issues. By using ping, users can determine if a host is reachable over the network and measure the round-trip time for messages sent.
protocol stack
Application, transport, Internet, and Network Interface.