The tumor is confined to the epithelium or has not penetrated through the first layer of muscle in the rectal wall
Yes
The severity(spread of cancer) of the disease is same at stage 4, no matter if it is large intestine or rectal cancer.
The answer is 154.1, however there are several other codes that are based on the stage of the cancer.
Chemotherapy is administered for stage IV disease
Any of previous criteria associated with distant metastasis
Steatorrhea (fats in feces) does not appear during any stage of colon or rectal cancer. The obstruction is due to caner growths in the large intestine.
Any depth or size of tumor associated with regional lymph node involvement
Yes, the Mayo Clinic offer information on rectal cancer. You can find the information at mayoclinic.com/health/colon-cancer/DS00035 and http://www.mayoclinic.org/rectal-cancer/
The cause of rectal cancer are not all known. However, you should get a rectal exam if you experience unusual tiredness, nasuea, bloody stools, abdominal cramps, and a change in bowel habits. These may be signs of rectal cancer.
Miles surgery is performed primarily for rectal cancer or even anal carcinoma. especially rectal cancer of late stage or the one's located closer to the anus would .In this procedure the rectum and anus is resected, and a colostomy would act as a false anal opening.
ERUS is used as a diagnostic procedure in rectal cancer to determine stage of the tumor and as a post-radiation, presurgical examination to assess extent of tumor shrinkage
In patients with colon or rectal cancer, the p53 gene is mutated 70% of the time