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What is VP 1 or VP 2 in dog shows?
VP1 and VP2 are German ranking titles for dogs, specifically puppies. They stand for 'Very Promising', with VP1 being the top-ranked dog and VP2 being the second-ranked, etc. These titles are only used in German Shepherd Dog specialty shows.
Lifecycle of canine parvovirus?
Briefly: 1. Cells are exposed to parvovirus and take it up. 2. Some trigger causes parvovirus to release its genetic material. 3. Host cells begin to replicate the parvovirus; parvovirus is 100% dependent on its host for replication machinery. 4. Viral particles are released. Specifically: Canine parvovirus is a small non-encapsulated single-stranded DNA virus related to feline panleukopenia virus. It binds to the canine (and in some cases feline) transferrin receptor. It is probably taken up through clathrin-mediated endocytosis according to Parrish et al in J Virol 2004 Jul;78(13):6709-14. An as-yet unknown trigger causes the release of its ssDNA. The DNA then uses host ribosomes to synthesize its VP1 and VP2 (capsid) proteins as well as its NS1 and NS2 (for non-structural) proteins. Host DNA-dependent DNA polymerase replicates the genome. Packaging occurs, probably helped along by the non-structural proteins, followed by heavy-capsid release (heavy capsid means capside with DNA inside). For binding, see http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=17420467 For uptake see http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=15194745 Basically a PubMed search of Parrish CR[Author] will give you all the best articles on CPV-2 as it's called.
How draw objects properly in perspective?
First, draw your horizon line across the top of the page. Mark two vanishing points, as far apart as possible. Draw a short vertical line for the front corner of your box and then draw a construction line from the top and bottom of the line, to each vanishing point. Next draw a vertical line to the left of your 'front corner', between the top and bottom construction lines. From the top and bottom points of this line, draw construction lines back to the RIGHT vanishing point (VP2). Next, draw a similar vertical line to the right of your 'front corner', and from the top and bottom points of this line, draw construction lines back to the LEFT vanishing point (VP1). Where the top construction lines intersect, drop a vertical line to the intersection of the bottom construction lines - this will give you the back corner of the box. Erase the construction lines and any interior lines. A helpful website I have found regarding two point perspective: http://drawsketch.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://mathforum.org/workshops/sum98/participants/sanders/TryPersp.gsp.html
