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What is a gamete having more than one complete set of chromosomes?
Wiki User
∙ 9y ago
Meiosis is a process of cell division that produces gametes in organisms that sexually reproduce. A gamete having more than one complete set of chromosomes cannot be produced by meiosis.
Wiki User
∙ 9y ago
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoPolyploid.
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Does the male or female gamete contribute more chromosomes to the fertilized egg?
They each give the same amount. This is why we have pairs of chromosomes.
Any species with a multiple set of chromosomes is?
Organisms that have more than two complete sets of chromosomes are said to be polyploid. This often occurs in plants.
How does crossing over contribute to genetic diversity?
Crossing over in Prophase I in Meiosis aids genetic diversity because it allows for more unique combinations of chromosomes to be produced. Genetic variability strengthens a population, and influences evolution. 2n= # of possible gamete possibilities. In humans, this number is 46. n= # of chromosomes, which is 23 in a single cell. 2^23= 8 million different gamete possibilities, without any crossing over. A resulting zygote (result of the fertilization of the sperm gamete and egg gamete) would have 2^23 * 2^23 = over 7 trillion possibilities of chromosome combinations. All of this, of course, is without crossing over. The numbers become infinitely high once genetic material is exchanged between two sets of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I.
How do Mendel's experiment shows that traits are independently assorted?
Law of Independent Assortment (The "Second Law")The Law of Independent Assortment, also known as "Inheritance Law", states that alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation. While Mendel's experiments with mixing one trait always resulted in a 3:1 ratio (Fig. 1) between dominant and recessive phenotypes, his experiments with mixing two traits (dihybrid cross) showed 9:3:3:1 ratios (Fig. 2). But the 9:3:3:1 table shows that each of the two genes are independently inherited with a 3:1 ratio. Mendel concluded that different traits are inherited independently of each other, so that there is no relation, for example, between a cat's color and tail length. This is actually only true for genes that are not linked to each other.Independent assortment occurs during meiosis I in eukaryotic organisms, specifically metaphase I of meiosis, to produce a gamete with a mixture of the organism's maternal and paternal chromosomes. Along with chromosomal crossover, this process aids in increasing genetic diversity by producing novel genetic combinations.Of the 46 chromosomes in a normal diploid human cell, half are maternally-derived (from the mother's egg) and half are paternally-derived (from the father's sperm). This occurs as sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two haploid gametes (the egg and sperm) to produce a new organism having the full complement of chromosomes. During gametogenesis - the production of new gametes by an adult - the normal complement of 46 chromosomes needs to be halved to 23 to ensure that the resulting haploid gamete can join with another gamete to produce a diploid organism. An error in the number of chromosomes, such as those caused by a diploid gamete joining with a haploid gamete, is termed aneuploidy.In independent assortment the chromosomes that end up in a newly-formed gamete are randomly sorted from all possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes. Because gametes end up with a random mix instead of a pre-defined "set" from either parent, gametes are therefore considered assorted independently. As such, the gamete can end up with any combination of paternal or maternal chromosomes. Any of the possible combinations of gametes formed from maternal and paternal chromosomes will occur with equal frequency. For human gametes, with 23 pairs of chromosomes, the number of possibilities is 223 or 8,388,608 possible combinations.[3] The gametes will normally end up with 23 chromosomes, but the origin of any particular one will be randomly selected from paternal or maternal chromosomes. This contributes to the genetic variability of progeny.His experiments with the breeding of plants such as peas
Does the number of chromosomes determine how complex an organism is?
No there isn't. Humans are much more complex than a fern, yet the Adder's Tongue Fern has 1262 chromosomes and a human has only 46. It also doesn't work the other way either (more complex organisms having less chromosomes) for fruit flies have 8 chromosomes and dogs have 78. Also, chimpanzees have the same number of chromosomes as potatoes and, surely, they are on different complexity levels.
Does gamete have more chromosomes then a zygote?
No, a zygote has 46, a gamete has 23
Does the male or female gamete contribute more chromosomes to the fertilized egg?
They each give the same amount. This is why we have pairs of chromosomes.
How can a human with 47 chromosomes be produced?
This occurs due to nondisjunction, in which one or more homologous pairs of chromosomes do not separate during anaphase I, or sister chromatids do not separate properly during anaphase II of meiosis. The resulting daughter cells (gametes) will have either 22 or 24 chromosomes. If the gamete with 22 chromosomes unites with a normal gamete with 23 chromosomes, the offspring will have 45 chromosomes (23 + 22). If the gamete with 24 chromosomes unites with a normal gamete, the offspring will have 47 chromosomes (23 + 24). These are usually lethal conditions.
What happens if the gametes aren't haploid?
The whole purpose of reducing the gamete to contain half the number of normal chromosomes is so that normal chromosome numbers can be achieved again when the gametes fuse to form a zygote. If the gamete is not halved, polyploidy results. This is a generic term to describe having more than the normal number of chromosomes.
What are the advantages of having large numbers of chromosomes?
Larger numbers of chromosomes mean that the structure has more features. With more chromosomes, the structure is more complex and more detailed.
What is a polyploid animal?
Diploid: adj. 1 Double or twofold. 2 Having a homologous pair of chromosomes for each characteristic except sex, the total number of chromosomes being twice that of a gamete.-n 1. a diploid cell. 2. An individual characterized by a diploid chromosome number.It has two copies of each chromosome.
How are gamete different from zygotes compare the number of chromosome in each?
Gamete is the term that refers to the individual haploid sex cells, the egg or the sperm, and contains only half of the necessary genetic information for a new organism. A zygote is the diploid result of fertilization between an egg and sperm, which will ultimately grow into the organism.
How plant cells have more than 2 complete sets of chromosomes?
69 and phil
Why do potatoes have more chromosomes than humans?
The number of chromosomes of a species has little to do with the complexity of the organism or the amount of DNA. The reason for this is, chromosomes are known to break and form two or more new chromosomes, or fuse into one. The chromosomes of the potato and the potato lineage may have undergone many such changes, and the human lineage may have undergone a different series, resulting in the potato having more chromosomes.
Any species with a multiple set of chromosomes is?
Organisms that have more than two complete sets of chromosomes are said to be polyploid. This often occurs in plants.
Can the number of chromosomes in a reproductive cell be greater than the number chromosomes in an organism's body cell?
No. The reproductive cells (eggs, sperm, ova and pollen) all contain half the number of chromosomes of an organisms body cell. This means that at fertilization the two reproductive cells (or gametes) combine to form a single cell with the appropriate number of chromosomes.If a gamete had more chromosomes than a normal cell then fertilization would lead to even more chromosomes and an offspring that would be seriously genetically compromised.
The presence of complete extra sets of chromosomes?
Polyploidy is the heritable condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes. Polyploids are common among plants, as well as among certain groups of fish and amphibians.
