Random access simply means the ability to read and write anywhere in the file, as opposed to sequential access where data is simply appended to the end of the file and is accessed by traversing from the start of the file in sequential order. Random access is ideally suited to data arrays where every element in the file is exactly the same length, allowing constant-time traversal from one element to any other, in both directions. If the data is also sorted, random access also allows binary search to improve search efficiency.
Sequential and random access.
To access a particular data item in a sequential file, you need to read in all items in the file prior to the item of interest. This works acceptably well for small data files of unstructured data, but for large, structured files, this process is time-consuming and wasteful. Sometimes, we need to access data in non-sequential ways. Files which allow non-sequential access are random access files.
There is no difference in the files, only in the way they are accessed. Sequential files are accessed just like they sound, sequentially, which means the if you want to read something that starts at byte number 40,000, you have to read and ignore the first 39,999 bytes. Random-access files, however, allow you to go directly to the exact location you want. Sequential access is normally used if the file is stored on a medium which doesn't allow random access. For example, if the file is stored on tape, you have to start reading from the beginning of the tape, until you get to the location you want. If you're using a hard disk, however, the head that reads and writes the disc can be moved directly to the portion of the file you want, making it faster to get the data you want.
QBASIC GRAPHICS There any many different things you can draw in QBASIC; ranging from... -dots -lines -rectangles -circles -shapes empty/or, filled in(painted) -you can even do LOGO style programming to draw graphics with; by joining up connected lines -animations are possible, too ==== QBASIC BUILT-IN HELP FILE + CODE EXAMPLES In order to view the QBASIC built-in Help file...; first, load the QBASIC program itself...; and, then, do a combination key press of: [SHIFT] + [F1] Use the built-in QBASIC Help file to learn more about how to use these 'graphic related' commands, and, more...! The QBASIC Help file also contains plenty of 'example codes'; which you can just use 'copy & paste'; then, RUN...to see what the output effect will be...???
IF THE QBASIC IDE/INTEGRATED DEVELOPEMENT ENVIRONMENT *IS* ALREADY OPEN Inside of QBASIC IDE/Integrated Development Environment...; you load in QBASIC programs as follows... 1. Use your mouse to click the QBASIC Menu option being seen top right... File > Open ...then, browse through the file list box to load your chosen program file. 2. Alternatively, you can also use keyboard short cut... [ALT]+[F], this opens up the file menu...then, press [O] ...does exactly the same as above IF THE QBASIC IDE/INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT IS *NOT* ALREADY OPEN 3. Another way is to open up a command line window prompt: (>)... Click [Start] button ...then, type: Command .../or, type: Cmd ...at least, one of the above should work... ...and, run the QBASIC program from there... by typing in after the command line prompt: (>)... c:\> cd, means, change directory folder... cd C:\pathToQbasic For example the file path name to where my version of QBASIC is stored here... c:\basic\qb64 So, I would first change to this folder directory by typing in after the prompt: (>)... c:\>cd c:\basic\qb64 ...this changes my command line prompt: (>) to say... c:\basic\qb64> Inside of the [qb64] folder directory, I wrote a very simple program called: hw.bas ...which contains the following single line of code... PRINT "Hello, world!" I can launch both the QBASIC program: [qb64.exe]/and, at the same time load in my chosen program file: [hw.bas], by typing after the command line prompt: (>)... C:\Basic\qb64>qb64 hw.bas ...the QBASIC program instantly loads: [qb64.exe]/with the program file [hw.bas] already being displayed inside of the Editor Screen. Next, I only need to press function key [F5] to RUN/make that program file execute... QBASIC Output Screen... Hello, world! Press any key to continue...
the extensions of qbasic are that, there are only 80 pixels to write in the qbasic
Sequential access,Random, Binary
The common techniques of file processing include sequential access, random access, and direct access. Sequential access involves reading data sequentially from the beginning to the end of a file. Random access allows reading data from any part of the file without having to read the preceding data. Direct access uses a key or address to locate specific data within the file.
A swap file is the file that an operating system uses when it is moving data. A computer creates this file when it is moving data from random access memory to virtual memory.
Sequential and random access.
The language itself doesn't say anything about the purpose of a file, that's up to the programmer to decide.
random access memory means when you open a file its saved here to keep it running :-)
A serial access file has data stored on it in the order in which it was written. Each new record goes at the end of the file. To read a record from the file it is necessary to read through all the preceding records first.A sequential access file has data stored on it in the order of the data in a key field.A direct access file is one where any record can be accessed without having to access other records first. This is also known as random access.
To access a particular data item in a sequential file, you need to read in all items in the file prior to the item of interest. This works acceptably well for small data files of unstructured data, but for large, structured files, this process is time-consuming and wasteful. Sometimes, we need to access data in non-sequential ways. Files which allow non-sequential access are random access files.
non-volatile random access memory
In BASIC the put command fills a file field area, typically for random access writes.
There is no difference in the files, only in the way they are accessed. Sequential files are accessed just like they sound, sequentially, which means the if you want to read something that starts at byte number 40,000, you have to read and ignore the first 39,999 bytes. Random-access files, however, allow you to go directly to the exact location you want. Sequential access is normally used if the file is stored on a medium which doesn't allow random access. For example, if the file is stored on tape, you have to start reading from the beginning of the tape, until you get to the location you want. If you're using a hard disk, however, the head that reads and writes the disc can be moved directly to the portion of the file you want, making it faster to get the data you want.