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What is a turtles shell made of?

Updated: 4/28/2022
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11y ago

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The inner part of the shell is made of skeletal bones (spine, modified ribs) overlaid with dermal bone. The dermal bone forms plates with edges that do not match the edges of the surface layer of scutes. One large division of turtles, the Pleurodires(sidenecks and snake-necks/long necks) which hide their head by turning it to the side, additionally have their pelvis fused into the shell's bone structure.

The visible layer, the scutes, are made up of plates of β-keratin (Beta keratin), a form of keratin which (unlike the stringy α-keratin (Alpha keratin) found in mammal hair and claws) is made up of stacked sheets. In many species there are also color structures in the scutes themselves, containing pigments such as melanin and carotenoids. In many tortoises this keratin layer builds up over their lifetime, while in most turtles it is shed as they grow, either in whole sheets or small flakes.

Some highly aquatic turtles, notable the softshells and leatherback sea turtle, do not have the upper keratin layer, and instead have a coating of skin. These turtles also have a decreased bone layer, however it is still present.

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8y ago
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11y ago

same as our finger nails

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Q: What is a turtles shell made of?
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